REST AREA TAMAN RAHAYU TIPE A DI RUAS TOL CIMANGGIS CIBITUNG DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR BIOKLIMATIK

DOREN, MICHAEL JOSEPH (2024) REST AREA TAMAN RAHAYU TIPE A DI RUAS TOL CIMANGGIS CIBITUNG DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR BIOKLIMATIK. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan volume kendaraan di Indonesia yang terus meningkat berdampak pada tingginya mobilitas masyarakat melalui jalan tol. Kondisi tersebut menuntut tersedianya fasilitas pendukung yang mampu memberikan kenyamanan, keamanan, dan kesempatan beristirahat bagi pengguna jalan. Rest area tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tempat singgah, tetapi juga sebagai ruang publik yang mampu mengurangi kelelahan pengemudi serta meningkatkan kualitas perjalanan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perancangan rest area yang mampu merespons kondisi iklim tropis Indonesia melalui pendekatan arsitektur bioklimatik. Perancangan ini bertujuan merancang Rest Area Taman Rahayu Tipe A di Ruas Tol Cimanggis–Cibitung yang mampu memberikan kenyamanan termal, efisiensi energi, serta kualitas ruang yang baik bagi pengguna. Metode perancangan yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur, studi preseden, survei lapangan, pengumpulan data, analisis tapak, analisis kebutuhan ruang, analisis sirkulasi, serta pengembangan konsep desain berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip arsitektur bioklimatik. Hasil perancangan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip bioklimatik diwujudkan melalui orientasi massa bangunan yang mempertimbangkan pergerakan matahari dan arah angin, penggunaan perangkat pembayang pada fasad timur dan barat, penerapan ventilasi silang alami, optimalisasi pencahayaan alami, pemanfaatan vegetasi sebagai elemen peneduh dan pengendali iklim mikro, serta sistem drainase yang menyesuaikan kondisi tapak. Selain itu, penataan zonasi dilakukan dengan memisahkan sirkulasi kendaraan besar dan kendaraan kecil sehingga meningkatkan keamanan dan kenyamanan pengguna. Penerapan konsep tersebut menghasilkan rancangan rest area yang lebih responsif terhadap iklim, hemat energi, fungsional, serta mampu meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan dan pengalaman ruang bagi pengguna jalan tol. Kata kunci: Rest Area Tipe A, Arsitektur Bioklimatik, Jalan Tol, Kenyamanan Termal, Perancangan Arsitektur. / The continuous growth of vehicle volume in Indonesia has significantly increased public mobility through toll roads, creating a greater demand for supporting facilities that provide safety, comfort, and adequate resting opportunities for road users. A rest area functions not only as a stopover facility but also as a public space that helps reduce driver fatigue and improve travel quality. Therefore, designing a rest area that responds effectively to Indonesia's tropical climate through a bioclimatic architectural approach is essential. This architectural design aims to develop a Type A Rest Area at Taman Rahayu on the Cimanggis–Cibitung Toll Road by providing thermal comfort, energy efficiency, and high-quality spatial experiences for its users. The design process employs literature studies, precedent studies, field surveys, data collection, site analysis, spatial requirement analysis, circulation analysis, and concept development based on bioclimatic architectural principles. The design results demonstrate that the application of bioclimatic principles is achieved through building orientation that considers solar movement and prevailing wind direction, the use of shading devices on the eastern and western façades, the implementation of natural cross ventilation, the optimization of daylighting, the utilization of vegetation as shading and microclimate control elements, and a drainage system adapted to the site's environmental conditions. Furthermore, the zoning strategy separates heavy-vehicle circulation from private vehicles to improve safety and user convenience. These design strategies produce a rest area that is climate-responsive, energy-efficient, functional, environmentally sustainable, and capable of enhancing the spatial experience and overall comfort of toll road users. Keywords: Type A Rest Area, Bioclimatic Architecture, Toll Road, Thermal Comfort, Architectural Design.

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