STUDI KINERJA ALGORITMA INCREMENTAL CONDUCTANCE MPPT PADA PLTS OFF-GRID 1 kWp DENGAN VARIASI BEBAN DI RUMAH HIJAU POKTAN MUSTIKA, KRAMAT JATI, JAKARTA TIMUR

Begu, Alsaro Nasario Angelo (2026) STUDI KINERJA ALGORITMA INCREMENTAL CONDUCTANCE MPPT PADA PLTS OFF-GRID 1 kWp DENGAN VARIASI BEBAN DI RUMAH HIJAU POKTAN MUSTIKA, KRAMAT JATI, JAKARTA TIMUR. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis kinerja algoritma Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Incremental Conductance pada sistem PLTS off-grid 1 kWp dengan variasi beban di Rumah Hijau Poktan Mustika, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian dilakukan berbasis simulasi menggunakan MATLAB/Simulink dan Simscape Electrical. Model sistem terdiri dari PV array 2S×5P, buck converter, baterai lead-acid 12 V 100 Ah, inverter SPWM, transformator step-up, filter LC, dan beban AC rumah hijau. Validasi awal model PV array pada kondisi Standard Test Conditions (STC) menghasilkan daya simulasi sebesar 986,09 W terhadap daya maksimum teoritis 1001 W, dengan deviasi daya sebesar 1,49%. Parameter utama yang dianalisis meliputi tegangan PV (V_{pv}), arus PV (I_{pv}), daya PV (P_{pv}), dan tracking efficiency (\eta_{MPPT}), sedangkan parameter baterai, bus DC, inverter, dan beban digunakan sebagai data pendukung operasi sistem. Evaluasi kinerja difokuskan pada skenario dinamis menggunakan data irradiansi dan temperatur NASA POWER selama 24 jam yang dikombinasikan dengan profil beban harian sedang. Hasil simulasi pada periode evaluasi utama (pukul 06.00–16.00) menghasilkan tracking efficiency sebesar 93,21%–98,39% dengan rata-rata 96,15%. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan konsistensi logika fisik pada periode malam hari (00.00–06.00 dan 18.00–24.00) dengan nilai keluaran PV sebesar nol seiring ketiadaan irradiansi. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa algoritma MPPT Incremental Conductance mampu menjaga titik kerja PV tetap berada di sekitar daerah daya maksimum pada kondisi lingkungan dinamis dalam ruang lingkup model simulasi. Nilai tracking efficiency dalam penelitian ini dimaknai sebagai efisiensi pelacakan MPPT pada sisi PV, bukan efisiensi total sistem PLTS. Data NASA POWER digunakan sebagai pendekatan masukan lingkungan berbasis satelit/model atmosfer, bukan sebagai validasi lapangan penuh. Kata kunci: Incremental Conductance, MPPT, NASA POWER, PLTS off-grid, variasi beban. / This study analyzes the performance of the Incremental Conductance (IC) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm in a 1 kWp off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system with load variations at the Mustika Farmers Group Greenhouse, Kramat Jati, East Jakarta. The research was conducted using simulation-based methods in MATLAB/Simulink and Simscape Electrical. The system model consists of a 2S×5P PV array, a buck converter, a 12 V 100 Ah lead-acid battery, an SPWM inverter, a step-up transformer, an LC filter, and greenhouse AC loads. Initial validation of the PV array model under Standard Test Conditions (STC) produced a simulated power of 986.09 W compared to the theoretical maximum power of 1001 W, resulting in a power deviation of 1.49%. The primary parameters analyzed include PV voltage (V_{pv}), PV current (I_{pv}), PV power (P_{pv}), and tracking efficiency (\eta_{MPPT}), while battery, DC bus, inverter, and load parameters served as supporting operational data. Performance evaluation focused on a dynamic scenario using 24-hour NASA POWER irradiance and temperature data combined with a medium daily load profile. Simulation results for the main evaluation period (06:00–16:00) showed a tracking efficiency ranging from 93.21% to 98.39% with an average of 96.15%. The study also demonstrated physical logic consistency during nighttime (00:00–06:00 and 18:00–24:00), with PV output values remaining at zero due to the absence of irradiance. These results prove that the Incremental Conductance MPPT algorithm is robust and effective in maintaining the PV operating point near the maximum power region under dynamic environmental conditions within the simulation scope. In this study, tracking efficiency is defined as the MPPT efficiency on the PV side, not the total efficiency of the PV system. NASA POWER data were utilized as a satellite/model-based environmental input approximation rather than full field validation. Keywords: Incremental Conductance, MPPT, NASA POWER, off-grid photovoltaic system, load variation.

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