ANALISIS DAN PEMETAAN DAERAH GENANGAN BANJIR DI WILAYAH KOTA BEKASI MENGGUNAKAN HEC-RAS 2D DAN GIS

Zebua, Prestasi Aswinda (2026) ANALISIS DAN PEMETAAN DAERAH GENANGAN BANJIR DI WILAYAH KOTA BEKASI MENGGUNAKAN HEC-RAS 2D DAN GIS. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Banjir merupakan bencana hidrometeorologi yang sering terjadi di wilayah perkotaan, termasuk Kota Bekasi, yang dipengaruhi oleh aliran Sungai Cileungsi dan Sungai Cikeas sebagai pembentuk Sungai Bekasi. Pertumbuhan kawasan terbangun, berkurangnya daerah resapan air, peningkatan limpasan permukaan, serta keterbatasan kapasitas sungai meningkatkan risiko banjir bagi permukiman, infrastruktur, dan aktivitas masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan memetakan daerah genangan banjir di Kota Bekasi menggunakan pendekatan hidrologi dan pemodelan hidraulika dua dimensi (HEC-RAS 2D) yang diintegrasikan dengan Geographic Information System (GIS). Data yang digunakan meliputi curah hujan, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), serta karakteristik daerah aliran sungai. Curah hujan rencana dianalisis menggunakan metode Poligon Thiessen dan distribusi Gumbel, sedangkan debit banjir rencana dihitung menggunakan Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis ITB untuk kala ulang 10, 25, dan 50 tahun. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan periode ulang menyebabkan peningkatan signifikan kedalaman dan luas genangan. Pada Q10, genangan badan sungai berkisar 12–15 m dan permukiman 0–7 m, menandakan mulai terjadinya limpasan ke kawasan terbangun. Pada Q25, genangan badan sungai meningkat hingga 12–19 m dan permukiman 0–9 m, mengindikasikan kapasitas sungai mulai tidak mencukupi. Pada Q50, genangan badan sungai mencapai 12–20 m dan permukiman 0–11 m, menunjukkan kondisi banjir yang lebih ekstrem. Secara umum, tinggi genangan permukiman di Bekasi dapat mencapai 2–3,5 meter, berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian material dan gangguan aktivitas masyarakat. Integrasi HEC-RAS 2D dan GIS menghasilkan visualisasi sebaran genangan banjir secara spasial yang dapat menjadi dasar pengambilan keputusan dalam perencanaan tata ruang, mitigasi bencana, dan pengelolaan sumber daya air di Kota Bekasi. Kata kunci: Banjir, GIS, HEC-RAS 2D, Genangan Banjir, Sungai Bekasi. / Flooding is a hydrometeorological disaster frequently occurring in urban areas, including Bekasi City, influenced by the Cileungsi and Cikeas Rivers that form the Bekasi River. Rapid growth of built-up areas, reduced water catchment zones, increased surface runoff, and limited river capacity have heightened flood risk to settlements, infrastructure, and community activities. This study aims to analyze and map flood inundation areas in Bekasi City using a hydrological approach combined with two-dimensional hydraulic modeling (HEC-RAS 2D) integrated with a Geographic Information System (GIS). Data used include rainfall, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and watershed characteristics. Design rainfall was analyzed using the Thiessen Polygon method and Gumbel distribution, while design flood discharge was calculated using the ITB Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (HSS ITB) for return periods of 10, 25, and 50 years. The modeling results show that increasing return periods significantly increase inundation depth and extent. At Q10, river inundation ranged 12–15 m and residential inundation 0–7 m, indicating the onset of overflow into built-up areas. At Q25, river inundation increased to 12–19 m and residential inundation to 0–9 m, indicating the river's capacity was becoming insufficient. At Q50, river inundation reached 12–20 m and residential inundation 0–11 m, reflecting more extreme flood conditions. Overall, residential inundation depth in Bekasi may reach approximately 2–3.5 meters, potentially causing material losses and disruption to community activities. The integration of HEC-RAS 2D and GIS produced a spatial visualization of flood inundation distribution that can serve as a basis for decision making in spatial planning, disaster mitigation, and water resource management in Bekasi City. Keywords: Flood, GIS, HEC-RAS 2D, Flood Inundation, Bekasi River.

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