REKONSTRUKSI PENGAWASAN PRODUK HUKUM DAERAH YANG BERKUALITAS DAN BERKEADILAN BERDASARKAN ASAS OTONOMI DAERAH

Sianturi, Raja Parningotan (2026) REKONSTRUKSI PENGAWASAN PRODUK HUKUM DAERAH YANG BERKUALITAS DAN BERKEADILAN BERDASARKAN ASAS OTONOMI DAERAH. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Judul Disertasi: REKONSTRUKSI FUNGSI PENGAWASAN PRODUK HUKUM DAERAH YANG BERKUALITAS DAN BERKEADILAN BERDASARKAN ASAS OTONOMI DAERAH Kata Kunci: Penguatan fungsi pengawasan produk hukum daerah yang kolaboratif dan responsif serta berkeadilan berdasarkan asas otonomi daerah Ketidakharmonisan dan ketidaksinkronnya produk hukum daerah menimbulkan tumpang tindih aturan, ketidakpastian hukum, dan hambatan dalam penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah, terutama terkait implementasi Pasal 181 Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 tentang Penetapan Perppu Cipta Kerja. Permasalahan ini mencakup aspek filosofis harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi produk hukum daerah, mekanisme pengawasan pemerintah pusat dan provinsi terhadap produk hukum daerah yang otonom, serta upaya menciptakan kepastian hukum agar regulasi daerah dapat berkualitas dan konsisten. Fokus pada ketiga aspek tersebut menjadi kunci dalam memahami dinamika pembentukan, pengawasan, dan penerapan produk hukum daerah dalam konteks politik hukum dan tata kelola pemerintahan yang efektif di Indonesia. Pendekatan penelitian menggabungkan analisis hukum peraturan perundang-undangan dengan perspektif empiris untuk menilai norma hukum, seperti UU No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, sekaligus fakta lapangan terkait implementasi produk hukum daerah. Analisis dilakukan secara yuridis normatif, didukung studi literatur dan wawancara mendalam, dengan data primer dan sekunder dari peraturan perundang-undangan, jurnal internasional, media sosial, dan situs resmi pemerintah. Fokus penelitian mencakup tumpang tindih regulasi, konflik dengan peraturan pusat, hambatan investasi, proses demokratisasi pembentukan hukum, ego sektoral lembaga pengawas, dualisme harmonisasi, dan keterbatasan sumber daya manusia. Lokasi penelitian meliputi Kementerian Dalam Negeri, Kementerian Hukum dan HAM, DPR RI, dan Mahkamah Konstitusi, sehingga kerangka teoretis dan konsep yang digunakan mampu merefleksikan dinamika harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi produk hukum daerah di Indonesia. Penguatan sistem pengawasan produk hukum daerah menuntut integrasi antara harmonisasi norma, pengembangan kapasitas kelembagaan, dan partisipasi publik yang efektif, sehingga tercipta mekanisme yang responsif terhadap dinamika lokal sekaligus menjaga keselarasan dengan prinsip konstitusional. Model pengawasan yang bersifat kolaboratif ini menempatkan pemerintah pusat sebagai fasilitator dan mitra strategis, bukan sebagai pengawas otoritatif, sehingga proses pembentukan regulasi daerah dapat berjalan transparan, akuntabel, dan prokeadilan. Pendekatan ini memungkinkan setiap produk hukum daerah mempertahankan otonominya sekaligus memastikan kesatuan dan kohesi sistem hukum nasional, mengurangi konflik regulasi, meningkatkan kualitas hukum, dan menjamin perlindungan hak konstitusional warga negara. / Title Disertation: RECONSTRUCTION OF THE CONTROLING REGIONAL LEGAL PRODUCTS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY Keywords: Strengthening The Supervision Function Of Collaborative, Responsive And Equitable Regional Legal Products, Based On The Principle Of Regional Autonomy. Disharmony and asynchronous regional legal products create overlapping regulations, legal uncertainty, and obstacles in the implementation of regional autonomy, particularly regarding the implementation of Article 181 of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of the Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu) on Job Creation. This issue encompasses the philosophical aspects of harmonization and synchronization of regional legal products, the oversight mechanisms of the central and provincial governments regarding autonomous regional legal products, and efforts to create legal certainty so that regional regulations maintain high quality and consistency. Focusing on these three aspects is key to understanding the dynamics of the formation, oversight, and implementation of regional legal products within the context of legal politics and effective governance in Indonesia. A legal approach to legislation combined with an empirical perspective allows for analysis not only of legal norms, such as Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, but also of facts on the ground related to the implementation of regional legal products. The analysis is conducted using normative juridical methods, supported by in-depth interviews and literature studies, using primary and secondary data covering legislation, international journals, social media, and official government websites. The research focuses on identifying overlapping regulations, conflicts with central regulations, investment barriers caused by regional policies, and issues of democracy in legal development, sectoral egos within supervisory institutions, dual harmonization, and limited human resources that impact the quality and speed of regulatory development at the regional level. The analysis locations include the offices of the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR RI), and the Constitutional Court. Therefore, the theoretical framework and concepts used provide a comprehensive overview of the dynamics of harmonization and synchronization of regional legal products in Indonesia. Strengthening the regional legal product oversight system, requires the integration of normative harmonization, institutional capacity development, and effective public participation, creating a mechanism that is responsive to local dynamics while maintaining alignment with constitutional principles. This collaborative oversight model positions the central government as a facilitator and strategic partner, rather than an authoritative supervisor, ensuring that the regional regulation development process is transparent, accountable, and pro-justice. This approach allows each regional legal product to maintain its autonomy while ensuring the unity and cohesion of the national legal system, reducing regulatory conflicts, improving legal quality, and guaranteeing the protection of citizens' constitutional rights.

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