PERAN UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES DALAM MENANGANI KRISIS PENGUNGSI SUDAN 2023 - 2025

Bless, Androni Last Son (2025) PERAN UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES DALAM MENANGANI KRISIS PENGUNGSI SUDAN 2023 - 2025. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Krisis pengungsi global terus meningkat, dipicu oleh konflik bersenjata seperti yang terjadi di Sudan. Sejak April 2023, konflik berkepanjangan antara Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) dan Rapid Support Forces (RSF) telah menyebabkan gelombang pengungsian besar-besaran, baik di dalam negeri maupun ke negara-negara tetangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees (UNHCR) dalam memberikan perlindungan dan bantuan kemanusiaan kepada para pengungsi di Sudan, serta mengidentifikasi tantangan yang dihadapi dalam implementasi program tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka teori organisasi internasional dari Clive Archer, yang memandang UNHCR sebagai instrumen, arena, dan aktor dalam penanganan krisis pengungsi. Selain itu, konsep bantuan kemanusiaan digunakan sebagai landasan untuk memahami mekanisme bantuan yang dilakukan UNHCR. Mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif, studi ini menerapkan metode studi kasus yang berfokus pada peran UNHCR selama periode konflik Sudan tahun 2023-2025. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan, analisis dokumen UNHCR, serta wawancara dengan akademisi dan pihak terkait. Validasi data dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber untuk menjamin akurasi dan reliabilitas informasi. Berdasarkan analisis data awal, peran UNHCR meliputi penyediaan kebutuhan dasar, perlindungan hak-hak pengungsi, serta advokasi kebijakan untuk mencari solusi jangka panjang. Namun, implementasi program tersebut menghadapi tantangan signifikan, seperti keterbatasan pendanaan, kondisi keamanan yang tidak stabil, dan koordinasi lintas lembaga yang kompleks. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi strategis untuk meningkatkan efektivitas peran UNHCR dalam mengatasi krisis pengungsi di Sudan, termasuk peningkatan dukungan internasional dan perbaikan koordinasi lintas pemangku kepentingan./The global refugees crisis continues to escalate, largely driven by armed conflicts such as the one in Sudan. Since April 2023, the prolonged conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has triggered a massive displacement of people, both internally and to neighboring countries. This research aims to analyze the role of the United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees (UNHCR) in providing protection and humanitarian assistance to refugees in Sudan, and to identify the challenges encountered during the implementation of these aid programs. This study employs Clive Archer's theory of international organizations, which conceptualizes UNHCR as an instrument, arena, and actor in addressing refugees crises. Furthermore, the concept of humanitarian assistance serves as a foundational framework for understanding UNHCR's aid mechanisms. Adopting a qualitative approach, this research utilizes a case study method focusing on UNHCR's role during the Sudan conflict period of 2023-2025. Data was collected through a literature review, analysis of UNHCR documents, and interviews with academics and relevant stakeholders. Data validation was performed using source triangulation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information Based on preliminary data analysis, UNHCR's role encompasses the provision of basic needs, protection of refugees rights, and policy advocacy aimed at finding long-term solutions. However, the implementation of these programs faces significant challenges, including funding limitations, unstable security conditions, and complex inter-agency coordination. This research is expected to offer strategic recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of UNHCR's role in addressing the refugees crisis in Sudan, specifically by increasing international support and improving coordination among stakeholders.

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