Saing, Yessy Putri Natasya (2025) Dinamika Kebijakan Youth Internship Program for Central Government Agencies untuk Mengatasi Pengangguran di Kalangan Pemuda Korea Selatan Tahun 2023-2024. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.
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Abstract
Pengangguran di kalangan pemuda usia 15–29 tahun di Korea Selatan merupakan permasalahan struktural yang berkelanjutan, meskipun pemerintah telah menerapkan berbagai kebijakan ketenagakerjaan. Salah satu upaya strategis yang dijalankan adalah Youth Internship Program for Central Government Agencies pada tahun 2023–2024, yang bertujuan untuk membantu pemuda memasuki dunia kerja melalui pengalaman magang di lembaga pemerintahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika pelaksanaan kebijakan tersebut, dengan menyoroti bagaimana tahapan kebijakan dijalankan, tantangan yang dihadapi, serta sejauh mana program ini mampu menjawab realitas pengangguran pemuda di tengah tekanan global. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur, dokumen resmi pemerintah Korea Selatan, laporan organisasi internasional, dan data sekunder lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua kerangka teori utama, yaitu teori evaluasi kebijakan publik dari James E. Anderson (2014), yang menilai kebijakan berdasarkan lima indikator utama: efektivitas, efisiensi, keadilan, kualitas proses implementasi, dan dampak jangka panjang; serta teori migrasi dari Michael Todaro (1976), yang menjelaskan keputusan pemuda mengikuti program magang sebagai respons rasional terhadap peluang kerja dan ekspektasi pendapatan di sektor formal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program menghadapi tantangan dari sisi efisiensi administratif, keterbatasan akses bagi kelompok rentan, serta kurangnya integrasi antara pelatihan magang dan kebutuhan pasar kerja. Di sisi lain, meningkatnya permintaan terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) di Korea Selatan turut menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan domestik belum sepenuhnya berhasil menyerap tenaga kerja muda lokal secara optimal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dinamika pelaksanaan kebijakan magang bersifat kompleks dan memerlukan penguatan dari sisi koordinasi, inklusivitas, serta keberlanjutan. Rekomendasi utama yang diajukan mencakup perlunya reformasi kebijakan magang agar lebih responsif terhadap kondisi struktural pasar kerja, serta penguatan kerja sama bilateral dalam ketenagakerjaan antara Korea Selatan dan negara pengirim seperti Indonesia./Youth unemployment in South Korea, particularly among individuals aged 15–29, remains a persistent structural challenge despite various government employment policies. One of the strategic efforts implemented is the Youth Internship Program for Central Government Agencies (2023–2024), which aims to facilitate young people’s transition into the workforce through internship experiences within government institutions. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of the program’s implementation by examining how the policy was carried out, the challenges it faced, and the extent to which it addressed the reality of youth unemployment amid global labor pressures. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing literature review, official government reports, international organization publications, and secondary data. Two main theoretical frameworks are applied: James E. Anderson’s (2014) policy assessment theory, which evaluates public policies through five indicators effectiveness, efficiency, equity, quality of implementation, and long-term impact; and Michael Todaro’s (1976) migration theory, which explains youth participation in internship programs as a rational response to labor market uncertainty and expected urban income. The findings reveal that the program faces challenges related to administrative efficiency, unequal access for vulnerable youth, and limited alignment between internship training and labor market needs. Additionally, the increasing demand for Indonesian migrant workers (TKI) in South Korea indicates that domestic policies have yet to fully absorb the local youth workforce. This study concludes that the dynamics of policy implementation are complex and require improvements in coordination, inclusivity, and sustainability. Key recommendations include reforming internship policies to better reflect labor market structures and strengthening bilateral cooperation in labor between South Korea and sending countries such as Indonesia.
Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | ||||||||
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Subjects: | POLITICAL SCIENCE POLITICAL SCIENCE > International relations |
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Divisions: | FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK > Ilmu Hubungan Internasional | ||||||||
Depositing User: | Ms Yessy Putri Natasya Saing | ||||||||
Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2025 01:42 | ||||||||
Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2025 01:42 | ||||||||
URI: | http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/19984 |
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