Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia Dalam Penanganan PMI Non-Prosedural Di Malaysia

Dohude, Yemima Putri Juliastuti (2025) Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia Dalam Penanganan PMI Non-Prosedural Di Malaysia. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

	Text (HalJudulAbstrakDaftarisiDaftarGambarDaftarTabelDaftarLampiran) HalJudulAbstrakDaftarisiDaftarGambarDaftarTabelDaftarLampiran.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (1MB)
	Text (BABI) BABI.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (362kB)
	Text (BABII) BABII.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (492kB)
	Text (BABIII) BABIII.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (362kB)
	Text (BABIV) BABIV.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (348kB)
	Text (DaftarPustaka) DaftarPustaka.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (331kB)
	Text (Lampiran) Lampiran.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (454kB)

Abstract

Permasalahan Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) Non-prosedural di Malaysia menjadi isu krusial dalam hubungan bilateral Indonesia-Malaysia serta mencerminkan tantangan besar dalam tata kelola migrasi internasional. PMI Non- prosedural adalah warga negara Indonesia yang bekerja di luar negeri tanpa mengikuti prosedur hukum yang berlaku, menjadikan mereka sangat rentan terhadap eksploitasi, pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, dan kriminalisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani kasus PMI Non-prosedural di Malaysia selama periode 2015–2025. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan studi kasus, penelitian ini mengkaji kebijakan publik menggunakan teori Thomas R. Dye dan kerangka analisis dari Knill & Tosun, yang mencakup tahapan: formulasi masalah, penetapan agenda, perumusan, adopsi, implementasi, hingga evaluasi kebijakan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, studi dokumen, dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Pemerintah Indonesia telah menerapkan berbagai kebijakan, seperti penerapan Undang-Undang No. 18 Tahun 2017 dan sistem penempatan satu kanal (SPSK), namun perlindungan terhadap PMI Non- prosedural masih sangat terbatas. Ketiadaan dasar hukum yang jelas bagi PMI yang berangkat melalui jalur tidak resmi menjadi HAMbatan utama dalam implementasi perlindungan. Selain itu, lemahnya koordinasi antarinstansi, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat, serta dominasi sindikat calo juga memperburuk efektivitas kebijakan yang ada. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya perumusan kebijakan khusus bagi PMI Non-prosedural, penguatan diplomasi perlindungan, serta kerja sama internasional yang lebih progresif dalam kerangka perlindungan migran berbasis HAM. Kata Kunci: Pekerja Migran Indonesia; Kebijakan Publik; Non-prosedural; Perlindungan; Hubungan Internasional./ The Issue of Irregular Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) in Malaysia has become a critical concern in Indonesia-Malaysia bilateral relations and reflects major challenges in the governance of international migration. Irregular PMI refers to Indonesian citizens who work abroad without following the applicable legal procedures, rendering them highly vulnerable to exploitation, human rights violations, and criminalization. This study aims to analyze the Indonesian government's policies in addressing cases of irregular PMI in Malaysia during the period 2015–2025. Through a qualitative descriptive approach and a case study method, this research examines public policy using the theory of Thomas R. Dye and the analytical framework of Knill & Tosun, covering the stages of problem formulation, agenda setting, policy formulation, adoption, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through interviews, document studies, and field observations. The findings show that although the Indonesian government has implemented various policies, such as the enforcement of Law No. 18 of 2017 and the One-Channel Placement System (SPSK), protection for irregular PMI remains severely limited. The absence of a clear legal basis for those who migrate through unofficial channels poses a major obstacle to protection efforts. In addition, weak inter-agency coordination, low public awareness, and the dominance of broker syndicates further undermine the effectiveness of existing policies. This study recommends the formulation of specific policies for irregular PMI, the strengthening of protection diplomacy, and more progressive international cooperation within a human rights-based migrant protection framework.Keywords: Indonesian Migrant Workers; Public Policy; Irregular; Protection; International Relations.

Actions (login required)

View Item