Keabsahan Perjanjian Nominee dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata Dikaitkan dengan Penanaman Modal

Pandin, Ignatius Sinar (2024) Keabsahan Perjanjian Nominee dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata Dikaitkan dengan Penanaman Modal. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Judul : Keabsahan Perjanjian Nominee Dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata Dikaitan Dengan Penanaman Modal Penggunaan perjanjian nominee dapat menjadi strategi yang umum untuk melindungi kepentingan atau menyembunyikan identitas investor. Namun, dalam praktiknya, keabsahan perjanjian nominee ini sering dipertanyakan, terutama dalam perspektif hukum perdata. Analisis terhadap keabsahan perjanjian nominee dalam perspektif hukum perdata menunjukkan bahwa penggunaannya dalam konteks penanaman modal memerlukan pertimbangan yang cermat terhadap prinsip-prinsip hukum perdata yang mendasarinya, serta dampaknya terhadap transparansi, kepastian hukum, dan perlindungan pihak-pihak yang terlibat. Oleh karena itu, dalam mempertimbangkan penggunaan perjanjian nominee, penting untuk mendapatkan nasihat hukum yang kompeten dan mempertimbangkan implikasi hukumnya secara menyeluruh. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif, yang bertitik tolak pada penelitian analisis subtansi peraturan perundang-undangan, buku-buku, jurnal dan makalah. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan penulis ialah memalui studi kepustakaan (library research). Yang dimaksud studi kepustakaan meliputi bahan kepustakaan berupa bahan atau data sekunder Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, pertama Menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata), perjanjian Nominee tidak sah. Dalam bidang penanaman modal, praktik Nominee masih diterapkan melalui pembuatan perjanjian Nominee, yang dapat berupa perjanjian kredit, perjanjian gadai saham, perjanjian cessie atas deviden, Surat Kuasa Mutlak untuk RUPS, Surat Kuasa Mutlak untuk menjual saham, dan perjanjian sejenis lainnya yang dikenal dalam pranata hukum Indonesia, sebagaimana diatur dalam KUH Perdata. kedua, Akibat hukum perjanjian Nominee dalam kepemelikan saham yaitu perjanjian ini telah digunakan secara luas dalam praktik dan tidak diatur pada KUHPerdata. Karena perjanjian nominee belum diatur dalam sistem hukum Indonesia, perjanjian nominee ini dikategorikan sebagai perjanjian tidak bernama (innominat) yang timbul atas dasar asas kebebasan berkontrak Suatu perjanjian terhadap penanaman modal asing pada Perusahaan harus dilaksanakan dengan itikad baik dari para pihak. Pasal 1338 KUHPerdata biasa disebut sebagai asas kebebasan berkontrak yang dalam artian bahwa setiap orang bebas melakukan perjanjian dengan siapapun, dimanapun, dan kapanpun. Namun hal ini bukan berarti orang tersebut bebas melakukan perjanjian tanpa ada batas-batas atau larangan- larangan. Karena suatu perjanjian akan dikatakan sah apabila telah memenuhi syarat-syarat yang telah ditentukan dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata, tidak melanggar hukum, ketertiban umum, dan kesusilaan. Kata Kunci : Hukum Perdata, Perjanjian Nominee dan Penanaman Modal. / ABSTRACT Title : The Validity of Nominee Agreements from the Perspective of Civil Law in Relation to Investment Nominee agreements can be a common strategy to protect investors' interests or hide their identities. However, in practice, the validity of these nominee agreements is often questioned, especially from a civil law perspective. An analysis of the validity of nominee agreements from a civil law perspective reveals that their use in the context of investment necessitates careful consideration of the underlying civil law principles, as well as their impact on transparency, legal certainty, and the protection of the parties involved. Therefore, when considering the use of nominee agreements, it is important to obtain competent legal advice and thoroughly consider its legal implications. The normative juridical research method is used in this legal research, which focuses on analyzing the substance of laws and regulations, books, journals, and papers. The author expects data collection to be done through library research. What is meant by library study includes library materials in the form of secondary materials or data. The conclusion of this research is that, first, according to the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), nominee agreements are not valid. In the field of investment, nominee practices are still applied through the making of nominee agreements, which can be in the form of credit agreements, share pledge agreements, cessation agreements over dividends, absolute power of attorney for GMS, absolute power of attorney to sell shares, and other similar agreements known in Indonesian legal institutions, as regulated in the Civil Code. Second, The legal effect of Nominee agreements in share ownership is that this agreement has been widely used in practice and is not regulated in the Civil Code. Because nominee agreements have not been regulated in the Indonesian legal system, nominee agreements are categorised as non-compete agreements. Indonesian legal system, this nominee agreement is categorised as an unnamed agreement. (innominat) arising on the basis of the principle of freedom of contract. agreement on foreign investment in the Company must be implemented with good faith of the parties. Article 1338 of the Civil Code is commonly referred to as the principle of freedom of contract in the sense that everyone is free to make agreements with anyone, anywhere, anywhere. agreement with anyone, anywhere, and anytime. However, this does not However, this does not mean that the person is free to enter into an agreement without any limits or restrictions. restrictions. Because an agreement will be said to be valid if it has fulfils the conditions specified in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, does not violate the law, public order, and decency. violate the law, public order, and decency. Keywords: Civil law, nominee agreements and investment.

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