Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktik Ibu tentang Pemberian MP-ASI dengan Kejadian Stunting di UPTD Puskesmas Beru, Kelurahan Waioti, Kabupaten Sikka pada Tahun 2019

Georgy, Christian (2020) Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktik Ibu tentang Pemberian MP-ASI dengan Kejadian Stunting di UPTD Puskesmas Beru, Kelurahan Waioti, Kabupaten Sikka pada Tahun 2019. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Jumlah anak yang menderita stunting secara global saat ini adalah sekitar 150,8 juta balita atau 22,2% pada tahun 2017 di dunia mengalami stunting. Data prevalensi balita stunting yang dikumpulkan World Health Organization (WHO) untuk indonesia sebesar, 36,4% pada tahun 2005-2017. Berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas tahun 2013, prevalensi stunting bayi berusia di bawah lima tahun (balita) di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) mencapai 40,3 %,. Berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) angka kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Sikka pada tahun 2018 mencapai 33 %. WHO merekomendasikan untuk memberikan ASI secara eksklusif sampai bayi berusia 6 bulan dan memberikan MP-ASI sejak bayi berusia 6-24 bulan diteruskan dengan pemberian ASI sampai dengan usia 2 tahun atau lebih. Standar ini direkomendasikan karena terbukti dapat menurunkan angka kematian anak dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup ibu. Pemberian MP- ASI yang tepat mulai usia enam bulan akan mengurangi risiko malnutrisi terutama kejadian stunting dan wasting. Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik Ibu tentang Pemberian MP-ASI sangat berperan penting dalam mengurangi kejadian stunting, ini dikarenakan pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik terhadap pemberian makanan pendamping ASI akan menyebabkan seorang ibu mampu menyusun pola makan yang baik untuk dikonsumsi oleh bayinya dan ketepatan dalam pemberian MP-ASI. Semakin baik pengetahuan gizi seseorang maka ia akan semakin memperhatikan jenis dan jumlah makanan yang diperolehnya untuk dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik ibu tentang pemberian MP-ASI dengan kejadian stunting pada usia 24-60 bulan di (UPTD) Puskesmas Beru, Kelurahan Waioti, Kabupaten Sikka tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan secara cross sectional, dimana variabel sebab atau risiko dan akibat atau kasus yang terjadi pada objek penelitian diukur atau dikumpulkan secara simultan (waktu bersamaan). Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya serta dengan melakukan pengukuran antropometri terhadap balita 2-5 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anak yang mengalami stunting adalah 41 anak (53.2%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik ibu tentang Pemberian MP-ASI tentang kejadian stunting yakni (p=0.723), (p=0.700) dan (p=0.601). Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik, MP-ASI, Stunting. / The number of children experiencing global stunting, currently, around 150.8 million children under five or 22.2% in 2017 in the world to improve stunting. The data percentage on the prevalence of stunting toddlers collected by the World Health Organization (WHO) was 36.4% in 2005-2017. Based on the results of Riskesdas in 2013, the prevalence of under-five children (NTT) reached 40.3%. Based on the results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) the incidence of stunting in the Sikka Regency in 2018 reached 33%. WHO recommends giving exclusive breastfeeding until the baby is 6 months old and giving complimentary foods since babies aged 6-24 months is continued with breastfeeding until the age of 2 years or more. This standard is recommended because it is proven to reduce child mortality and improve the quality of life of mothers. Proper breastfeeding from the age of six months will reduce the risk of malnutrition, especially the incidence of stunting and wasting. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Mothers about Giving breast-feed are very important in reducing the incidence of stunting, this is because knowledge and good attitude towards complementary feeding will cause a mother to be able to arrange a good diet to be consumed by her baby and accuracy in giving complimentary food. The better understanding of a person's nutrition, the more he will pay attention to the type and amount of food he consumes. This study aims to determine the relationship of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers about giving complementary foods for infants with the occurrence of stunting at the age of 24-60 months in (UPTD) Beru's Public health center, Waioti suburbs, Sikka regency in 2019. The methodologies used in this research were analytic survey research with a cross-sectional approach, where the cause or risk and effect variables or cases that occur in the research object are measured or collected simultaneously. The data is collected using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability as well as by anthropometric measurements of toddlers 2-5 years. The results showed that stunting was 41 children (53.2%). There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers giving of complementary foods with the stunting namely (p = 0.723), (p = 0.700), (p = 0.601). Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, MP-ASI, Stunting.

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