Tinjauan Yuridis Tindak Pidana Ujaran Kebencian dalam KUHP dan UU ITE (Studi Putusan Nomor 370/Pid.Sus/2018/Pn Jkt.Sel)

Aruan, Maria Ariani (2023) Tinjauan Yuridis Tindak Pidana Ujaran Kebencian dalam KUHP dan UU ITE (Studi Putusan Nomor 370/Pid.Sus/2018/Pn Jkt.Sel). S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Perkataan yang bersifat provokasi atau kritik dapat diucapkan di mana saja tanpa disadari, jika kritik tersebut ditujukan pada hal-hal tertentu yang mengacu pada individu atau kelompok masyarakat dan tidak dijaga dengan baik, maka dapat dianggap sebagai ujaran kebencian atau hate speech. Fenomena ini sering membuat masyarakat yang kurang teredukasi tentang jenis kata atau tindakan apa yang dapat menyebabkan mereka terjerat dalam tindakan melawan hukum yang dikenal sebagai wederrechtelijk (dalam hukum pidana). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas norma hukum yang berkaitan dengan UU ITE dan peraturan-peraturan yang berkaitan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus ujaran kebencian yang dilakukan oleh seorang public figure dengan putusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap. Dari hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbuatan ujaran kebencian tidak secara tegas dan jelas diuraikan dalam UU ITE maupun peraturan lainnya. UU ITE telah memenuhi unsur pembatasan kebebasan berekspresi. Namun, dalam penerapannya, undang-undang tersebut dianggap sebagai bentuk kriminalisasi bagi individu yang ingin menyuarakan pendapatnya di media sosial dan untuk mencegah terjadinya perselisihan atau konflik antara individu atau kelompok. Keputusan hakim atas perkara ini lebih mempertimbangan aspek non-yuridis di luar perundangan maupun peraturan. / Criminal acts of hate speech can be made anywhere without us knowing it. Criticism of certain matters, if it is not guarded in such a way, can be brought into the realm of hate speech. It is this phenomenon that brings many people who are still unfamiliar with what kind of actions or words can lead them to fall into this crime and get caught up in unlawful acts in criminal acts known as wederrechtelijk. This research uses a type of normative legal research that aims to examine the quality of the legal norms of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions and the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008, and written regulations or related legal materials. This research is normative using secondary data available in the library, with a case study approach that occurs in the community and court decisions that have permanent legal force. From this research it can be concluded that the formulation of the law on hate speech has fulfilled the elements of limiting freedom of expression. However, in practice the law is considered a form of discrimination against someone who wants to express his opinion through social media. Basically, this law was made to prevent disputes or conflicts between individuals and groups. Because there are so many expressions based on hatred that results in the creation of conflicts between individuals and groups related to ethnicity, religion, race, and class (SARA). The judge's consideration in a decision places more emphasis on non-juridical considerations, namely several factors outside the regulations that have been regulated, both legislation and the Criminal Code which usually think about the subjective elements of a criminal case. The public's view of the crimes committed and the facts prove that the development of information technology has brought about important changes in law enforcement.

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