Hubungan Diplomatik antara Amerika Serikat dan Jerman Pasca Tindakan Spionase National Security Agency (NSA) Terhadap Kanselir Jerman Angela Merkel (2013-2015)

Simanjuntak, Yuliana Putri (2023) Hubungan Diplomatik antara Amerika Serikat dan Jerman Pasca Tindakan Spionase National Security Agency (NSA) Terhadap Kanselir Jerman Angela Merkel (2013-2015). S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Terungkap tindakan spionase yang dilakukan oleh badan intelijen milik AS, yaitu NSA terhadap Jerman dan Kanselir Jerman, Angela Merkel oleh mantan kontraktor NSA, Edward Snowden. Melalui media untuk mempublikasikan dokumen-dokumen rahasia milik NSA sukses memancing keterkejutan, kekecewaan, serta amarah di Jerman. AS dan Jerman adalah sekutu dekat yang saling bergantung satu sama lain. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan diplomatik AS dengan Jerman pasca tindakan spionase NSA terhadap Kanselir Jerman. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, teori yang digunakan adalah teori Realisme Ofensif dicetuskan oleh Kenneth Waltz (1979), konsep Dilema Tahanan oleh Keohane dan Martin (1995), serta konsep Spionase Masterman (1972), dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan data sekunder melalui penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif. Kedua pendekatan tersebut dipakai untuk memahami dan menganalisis rangkaian peristiwa: hubungan AS-Jerman sebelum spionase; terungkapnya spionase NSA; dan dampak hubungan AS dengan Jerman. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dampak yang dialami intinya berasal dari kekecewaan sangat besar terhadap AS, sehingga faktor-faktor penting dalam hubungan menjadi terhambat. Kata Kunci: Amerika Serikat, Hubungan Diplomatik, Jerman, NSA, Spionase. / It was revealed that espionage was carried out by US intelligence agencies, namely the NSA against Germany and German Chancellor Angela Merkel by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden. Using the media to publish secret documents belonging to the NSA succeeded in causing shock, disappointment, and anger in Germany. The US and Germany are close allies who depend on each other. So this study aims to find out how the diplomatic relations between the US and Germany were after the NSA's espionage against the German Chancellor. To answer these problems, the theory used is the theory of Offensive Realism coined by Kenneth Waltz (1979), the Prisoner's Dilemma concept by Keohane and Martin (1995), and Masterman's Espionage concept (1972), using qualitative methods and secondary data through research that is descriptive. Both approaches are used to understand and analyze the sequence of events: US-German relations prior to espionage; exposure to NSA espionage; and the impact of the US relationship with Germany. This study found that the impact experienced stems from enormous disappointment with the US, so important factors in the relationship become inhibited. Keywords: United States, Diplomatic Relationship, Germany, NSA, Espionage.

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