Hubungan Hipertensi dan Dislipidemia dengan Kejadian Stroke di RSU UKI pada Periode Tahun 2019-2021

Mau, Maria Karmelia Celly (2023) Hubungan Hipertensi dan Dislipidemia dengan Kejadian Stroke di RSU UKI pada Periode Tahun 2019-2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Stroke adalah penyakit degeneratif yang mengganggu fungsi persarafan sistem saraf pusat sebagai akibat dari lesi lokal akut yang disebabkan oleh kelainan pada sistem pembuluh darah otak, termasuk infark serebral, perdarahan intraserebral, dan perdarahan subarachnoid. Secara global, terdapat 101 juta kasus stroke, 6,55 juta kematian akibat stroke, 12,2 juta kasus stroke, dan 142 juta orang terkena kondisi tersebut. Menurut Global Burden Disease, diperkirakan akan ada 13 juta kematian terkait stroke, 25 juta kasus stroke baru, lebih dari 200 juta korban stroke, dan 300 juta beban stroke di seluruh dunia pada tahun 2050. Hipertensi dan dislipidemia adalah faktor risiko stroke. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasional deskriptif analitik korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang bersifat retrospektif di Rumah Sakit Universitas Kristen Indonesia Kota Jakarta Timur periode 2019- 2021 untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor-faktor risiko termasuk hipertensi dan dislipidemia dengan kejadian stroke. Berdasarkan distribusi frekuensi distribusi faktor-faktor risiko stroke, jenis stroke stroke didominasi oleh stroke iskemik sebesar 66 %, penderita stroke rata-rata berusia >55 tahun dan berdasarkan jenis kelamin didominasi oleh penderita stroke laki-laki sedangkan berdasarkan riwayat penyakit keluarga, hampir 50 % pasien memiliki riwayat penyakit keluarga. Pasien yang mengalami hipertensi mencapai 81,67 %, tidak memiliki riwayat DM, dislipidemia dan stress lebih besar dibandingkan yangmemiliki dengan perbedaan yang tidak terlalu jauh, rata-rata pendidikan pasien didominasi oleh tingkat SMA 43,33 %, dan berdasarkan pekerjaan persentasenya hampir sama rata. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara hipertensi dan dislipidemia dengan jenis stroke. Kata Kunci : Stroke, Dislipidemia, Hipertensi, Faktor Risiko. / Stroke is a degenerative disease that interferes with the innervation function of the central nervous system due of acute local lesions caused by abnormalities in the cerebral vascular system, including cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Globally, there are 101 million cases of stroke, 6.55 million deaths from stroke, 12.2 million cases of stroke, and 142 million people affected by this condition. According to Global Burden Disease, it is estimated that there will be 13 million stroke-related deaths, 25 million new stroke cases, more than 200 million stroke victims, and 300 million stroke burden worldwide by 2050. Hypertension and dyslipidemia are stroke risk factors. This research was conducted using a correlative analytic descriptive observational method with a retrospective cross-sectional approach at the Indonesian Christian University Hospital in East Jakarta for 2019–2021 to determine the relationship between risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia, and the incidence of stroke. According to the frequency distribution of stroke risk factors, the type of stroke, ischemic stroke, is dominated by 66%, the average stroke patient is >55 years old, and male stroke sufferers outnumber female stroke sufferers, while nearly 50% of stroke patients have a family history of the disease. Patients who have hypertension reach 81.67%, do not have a history of diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and stress are greater than those with a small difference, and the average patient's education is dominated by a high school diploma (43.33%) and is nearly equal in terms of percentage of work. There is no significant relationship between hypertension and dyslipidemia and the type of stroke. Keywords : Stroke, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Risk Factor

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