Perbedaan Peningkatan Kadar D-Dimer Pada Dewasa dan Lansia Yang Terkonfirmasi Covid-19 di RS Swasta Bintaro

Amelia, Ria and Anissa, Deava Fitria Nur and Luhulima, Danny Ernest Jonas (2022) Perbedaan Peningkatan Kadar D-Dimer Pada Dewasa dan Lansia Yang Terkonfirmasi Covid-19 di RS Swasta Bintaro. Journal of Research and Education Chemistry (JREC), 4 (1). pp. 1-8. ISSN 2685 8959

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Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Manifestasi klinis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi SARS-CoV-2 beragam dimulai dari gejala asimtomatik sampai simtomatik yang dapat menyebab kematian. Salah satu manifestasi klinis yang ditimbulkan yaitu peningkatan parameter koagulasi seperti D-Dimer. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui peranan perbedaan peningkatan kadar D-Dimer pada pasien dewasa dan lansia yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di salah satu rumah sakit swasta daerah Bintaro. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian sekunder dengan desain cross sectional. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dan metode analisis uji Mann-Whitney. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada 15 Maret 2021 dengan periode data yang diambil sejak September 2020 hingga Februari 2021. Kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien menderita COVID-19 terkonfirmasi PCR, dewasa (rentang usia 26 – 45 tahun), dan lansia (rentang usia 46 – 65 tahun), memiliki kadar D-Dimer >500 ng/ml dan tidak terapi antikoagulan. Kriteria eksklusi yaitu pasien dalam kondisi hamil. Hasil pengambilan data diperoleh sebanyak 86 sampel yang terdiri dari kelompok dewasa sebanyak 46 sampel dan kelompok lansia sebanyak 40 sampel. Data hasil pemeriksaan kadar D-Dimer sebanyak 86 sampel dengan rata-rata kenaikan kadar D-Dimer pada kelompok dewasa yaitu 1151.53 ng/ml dan kelompok lansia yaitu 1416.86 mg/ml. Hasil uji normalitas menunjukkan data tidak berdistribusi normal maka dilanjutkan uji komparatif Mann-Whitney. Hasil uji Mann Whitney didapatkan nilai p= 0.795, berarti pada α= 0.05 terlihat tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan peningkatan D-Dimer pada kelompok dewasa dan lansia yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19. Peningkatan kadar D-Dimer pada infeksi COVID-19 tidak dipengaruhi usia melainkan respon inflamasi sistemik yang menyebabkan gangguan koagulasi. Kata kunci : D-Dimer , Dewasa, Lansia, COVID-19, dan Koagulasi. / Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The clinical manifestations caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection vary from asymptomatic to symptomatic which can cause death. One of the clinical manifestations caused is an increase in coagulation parameters such as D-Dimer. The purpose of the study was to determine the role of difference in the increase in D-Dimer levels in adult and elderly patients who were confirmed to have COVID-19 at a private hospital in the Bintaro area. The type of research is secondary research with cross sectional design. The data collection method used is purposive sampling and the Mann-Whitney test analysis method. The time of the study was carried out on March 15, 2021 with the data period being taken from September 2020 to February 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients suffering from PCR-confirmed COVID-19, adults (age range 26-45 years), and elderly (age range 46-65 years). , had D-Dimer levels >500 ng/ml and were not on anticoagulant therapy. Exclusion criteria were patients who were pregnant. The results of data collection obtained as many as 86 samples consisting of 46 samples of the adult group and 40 samples of the elderly group. Data from the results of the examination of D-Dimer levels were 86 samples with an average increase in D-Dimer levels in the adult group that was 1151.53 ng/ml and the elderly group that was 1416.86 mg/ml. The results of the normality test showed that the data were not normally distributed, so the Mann-Whitney comparative test was continued. The results of the Mann Whitney test obtained a p value = 0.795, meaning that at = 0.05 there was no significant difference in the increase in D-Dimer in the adult and elderly groups with confirmed COVID-19. The increase in D-Dimer levels in COVID-19 infection is not influenced by age but rather a systemic inflammatory response that causes coagulation disorders. Keywords : D-Dimer, Adult, Elderly, COVID-19 and Coagulation

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