Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

Nugraheni, Nindya Sih (2022) Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penyakit infeksi di Indonesia menjadi masalah kesehatan dengan angka kasus yang tinggi, hal ini menyebabkan tingginya angka kematian dan kesakitan. Bakteri menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya penyakit infeksi. Staphylococcus aureus bersifat patogen dan menimbulkan berbagai gejala pada manusia yang terinfeksi olehnya. Tumbuhan dapat menjadi sumber bahan baku senyawa kimia yang berkhasiat obat. Kesadaran masyarakat akan kandungan yang dimiliki oleh tanaman obat menyebabkan berkembangnya penelitian dan produksi obat-obatan yang berasal dari tanaman salah satunya tanaman kelor. Tanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) memiliki kandungan yaitu vitamin C, vitamin B, vitamin A, kalsium, protein dan zat besi. Ia juga memiliki asam amino esensial, mineral serta zat-zat seperti tanin, saponin, alkaloid dan flavoid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekstraksi maserasi. Untuk uji efektivitas ekstrak metanol daun kelor dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan metode mikrodilusi. Nilai absorbansi tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 100 mg/mL ekstrak daun kelor dengan hasil (2,87 ±0,04). Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah antibiotik klindamisin dengan nilai absorbansi (2,91 ± 0,02) berdasarkan CLSI sensitif kuat. Persentase daya hambat ekstrak metanol daun kelor disajikan pada hasil penelitian, persentase tertinggi terlihat pada konsentrasi 100 mg/mL ekstrak metanol daun kelor (98,63%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, sampel uji yaitu ekstrak metanol daun kelor berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro yang dibuktikan dengan persentase hambatan masing-masing sampel pada konsentrasi serial. Kata Kunci : Mikrodilusi, Moringa oleifera Lamk, Staphylococcus aureus./ The high number of infection cases in this country is a serious problem, this causes death and mortality rates. Bacteria are the main cause of infectious diseases. Staphylococcus aureus is pathogenic and causes various symptoms in humans who are infected by it. Currently, plants can be a source of raw materials for chemical compounds that have medicinal properties. Public awareness of the content possessed by medicinal plants has led to the development of research and production of medicines derived from plants, one of which is the Moringa plant. Moringa plants or Moringa oleifera Lamk contain vitamin C, vitamin B, vitamin A, calcium, protein and iron. It also has essential amino acids, minerals as well as substances such as tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavoids. This research uses maceration extraction method. To test the effectiveness of Moringa leaf methanol in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using the microdilution method. The highest absorbance value was found at a concentration of 100 mg/mL, where Moringa leaf extract (2,87 ± 0.04. The positive control used was the antibiotic clindamycin with an absorbance value of (2.91 ± 0.02) based on a strong CLSI sensitive control. The percentage of methanol extract of Moringa leaves is presented in Figure 2, the highest percentage is seen at a concentration of 100 mg/mL of Moringa leaf methanol extract (98.63%). Based on the results of the research that has been done, the test sample, namely the methanol extract of Moringa leaves, showed growth symptoms in vitro as indicated by the percentage inhibition of each sample at serial concentrations. Keyword: Microdilution, Moringa oleifera Lamk, Staphylococcus aureus.

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