Profil Anak Dengan Tuberkulosis Paru Di RSPI Prof. DR. Sulianti Saroso Periode 2018

Gintings, Agatha Nagrintya (2019) Profil Anak Dengan Tuberkulosis Paru Di RSPI Prof. DR. Sulianti Saroso Periode 2018. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Pada tahun 2018, WHO memperkirakan terdapat 845.000 kasus TBC di Indonesia, 8% pasien anak-anak. Penegakan diagnosis TB paling tepat adalah menemukan kuman TBC dari specimen (umumnya sputum). Hal ini sulit pada anak maka IDAI merekomendasikan system skoring untuk penegakan diagnosis. Pengobatan TB terdiri dari 2 tahap selama minimal 6 bulan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui Profil Anak dengan TB Paru di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Peneliti ingin mengetahui karakteristik demografi, manifestasi klinis, gambaran riwayat kesehatan pasien, pengobatan, Efek samping Obat dan terapi obat lainnya yang di berikan pada anak dengan Tuberkulosis Paru. Hal tersebut berdasarkan rekam medik dan TB Form 01. Metode Penelitian retrospektif content analysis pada 39 anak. Hasilnya mayoritas pasien berusia 1-4 tahun, laki-laki, berdomisili di Tanjung Priok. Manifestasi klinis gejala batuk sebanyak 71,8%, demam 53,8%, pembesaran KGB 43,6%, penurunan berat badan 33,3%. Sebagian besar tidak ada riwayat kontak dengan penderita TB sebanyak 84.6%, & 30.8% ada riwayat imunisasi BCG. Mayoritas memiliki skoring TB 6 yaitu sebanyak 8.7%. Hasil uji tuberculin positif 46.2% dan 46.2% dengan hasil foto thorax nampak gambaran khas TB. Berdasarkan riwayat kesehatan 46.2% mengalami gizi baik, 89.7% merupakan pasien baru & hanya 15 anak dengan penyakit penyerta. Gambaran Pengobatan diperoleh 82,1% mendapatkan kategori OAT anak, dengan kombinasi obat HRZ pada tahap intensif 61,5%, lama pengobatan sebagian besar 6 bulan sebanyak 48,7% & keseluruhan pasien tidak mengalami efek samping obat. 87,2% mendapatkan golongan vitamin dan mineral bersamaan dengan pemberian OAT. Kata kunci : Tuberkulosis Anak, Mycobacterium, Profil/Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). In 2018, WHO estimates that there are 845,000 TB cases in Indonesia, and 8% are children. The most appropriate diagnosis is to find TB germs from a specimen (usually sputum). This is difficult for children, so IDAI recommends a scoring system for diagnosis. TB treatment consists of 2 stages for a minimum of 6 months. The purpose of this research is to find out the profile of children with pulmonary TB at RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Researchers want to know the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, description of the patient's medical history, treatment, side effects of drugs and other drug therapy given to children with pulmonary tuberculosis. This is based on medical records and TB Form 01. Research Method retrospective content analysis in 39 children. The result is the majority of patients aged 1-4 years, male, domiciled in Tanjung Priok. Clinical manifestations of cough symptoms were 71.8%, fever 53.8%, swollen of Lymph nodes 43.6%, weight loss 33.3%. Mostly there was no history of contact with TB sufferers as much as 84.6%, & 30.8% had a history of BCG immunization. The majority had a TB score of 6 in 6.7%. The tuberculin test results were positive 46.2% and 46.2% with the results of the chest radiograph appearing typical of TB. Based on medical history 46.2% experienced good nutrition, 89.7% were new patients & only 15 patient with comorbidities. Description of treatment obtained 82.1% get the category of child OAT, with a combination of HRZ drugs at the intensive stage of 61.5%, the length of treatment for most of the 6 months was 48.7% & all patients did not experience any drug side effects. 87.2% get the vitamins and minerals group along with the administration of OAT. Keywords: Child Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium, Profile

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