Problematika Penetapan Segmen Batas Wilayah Distrik Oecusse Timor Leste Dalam Konteks Warisan Kolonial

Henuk, Ariel Bitinia Savarna (2026) Problematika Penetapan Segmen Batas Wilayah Distrik Oecusse Timor Leste Dalam Konteks Warisan Kolonial. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas problematika penetapan segmen batas wilayah Distrik Oecusse dalam konteks warisan kolonial, dengan fokus pada bagaimana warisan kolonial berperan dalam membentuk ambiguitas serta kontinuitas segmen batas yang belum terselesaikan (unresolved segments). Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi mekanisme warisan kolonial yang mempertahankan ketidakjelasan batas, serta mengidentifikasi bagaimana praktik hegemonik kolonial mempengaruhi proses delimitasi dan demarkasi hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus sebagaimana dirumuskan oleh John W. Creswell. Penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif poskolonialisme Homi K. Bhabha, khususnya konsep ambivalensi, mimikri, dan hibriditas, untuk memahami bagaimana batas kolonial direproduksi dalam kondisi yang tidak pernah sepenuhnya identik maupun sepenuhnya berbeda dari arsitektur kolonial awalnya. Data dianalisis untuk menelusuri keterkaitan antara dokumen dan praktik batas warisan kolonial dengan dinamika penetapan batas kontemporer, termasuk implikasinya terhadap kehidupan masyarakat perbatasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warisan kolonial meninggalkan ambiguitas batas yang membuka ruang perbedaan tafsir dalam penentuan segmen batas, sehingga proses penyelesaian cenderung berlarut-larut. Melalui kerangka Bhabha, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa segmen batas Oecusse beroperasi sebagai ruang ambivalen yang terus-menerus dinegosiasikan bukan sebagai entitas tetap melainkan sebagai hasil dari mimikri negara pascakolonial terhadap logika batas kolonial, yang menghasilkan batas yang "hampir sama tetapi tidak persis" (almost the same, but not quite). Ambiguitas tersebut tidak hanya berdampak pada aspek formal-administratif, tetapi juga mempengaruhi relasi dan praktik kehidupan sosial-kultural masyarakat perbatasan, karena batas dipahami sekaligus sebagai simbol kedaulatan negara dan sebagai ruang hidup yang menuntut pengakuan sosial. Kata kunci: Oecusse; warisan kolonial; unresolved segments;delimitasi; demarkasi. / This study discusses the problems of determining the boundary segments of the Oecusse District in the context of colonial heritage, focusing on how colonial heritage plays a role in shaping the ambiguity and continuity of unresolved boundary segments (unresolved segments). The objective of this research is to analyze and identify the mechanisms of colonial heritage that maintain border ambiguity, as well as to identify how colonial hegemonic practices influence the delimitation and demarcation processes to this day. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach as formulated by John W. Creswell. This study uses Homi K. Bhabha's postcolonial perspective, particularly the concepts of ambivalence, mimicry, and hybridity, to understand how colonial boundaries are produced in conditions that are never completely identical nor completely different from the original colonial architecture. The data was analyzed to trace the relationship between documents and colonial heritage boundaries with the dynamics that determine contemporary boundaries, including their application to the lives of border communities. The results of the study show that the colonial heritage has left behind ambiguous boundaries that open up room for different interpretations in determining boundary segments, so that the settlement process tends to be protracted. Through Bhabha's framework, this study finds that the Oecusse border segment operates as an ambivalent space that is constantly negotiated not as a fixed entity but as a result of postcolonial states mimicking colonial border logic, resulting in borders that are “almost the same but not quite” (almost the same, but not entirely). This ambiguity not only has an impact on formal-administrative aspects, but also influences the relationships and practices of the socio-cultural life of border communities, because borders are understood both as symbols of state sovereignty and as living spaces that demand social recognition. Keywords: Oecusse;colonial legacy; unresolved segments; delimitation; demarcation.

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