TINJAUAN HUKUM ATAS PELAKSANAAN RELAKSASI PERJANJIAN KREDIT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PT. PASUNDAN JAYA

Edison, Edison (2025) TINJAUAN HUKUM ATAS PELAKSANAAN RELAKSASI PERJANJIAN KREDIT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PT. PASUNDAN JAYA. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

	Text HalJudulDaftarIsiDaftarTabelDaftarGambarDaftarLampiranAbstrak.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (1MB)
	Text BABI.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (1MB)
	Text BABII.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (1MB)
	Text BABIII.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (430kB)
	Text BABIV.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (389kB)
	Text BABV.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (84kB)
	Text DaftarPustaka.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (312kB)
	Text Lampiran.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike. Download (260kB)

Abstract

Pandemi COVID-19 yang melanda dunia sejak awal tahun 2020 berdampak signifikan terhadap perekonomian global, termasuk di Indonesia. Banyak debitur mengalami kesulitan memenuhi kewajiban kredit akibat penurunan pendapatan dan aktivitas ekonomi. Sebagai respons terhadap kondisi tersebut, pemerintah Indonesia melalui Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) menerbitkan berbagai kebijakan relaksasi kredit, di antaranya melalui POJK No.11/POJK.03/2020 tentang Stimulus Perekonomian Nasional sebagai Kebijakan Countercyclical terhadap Dampak Penyebaran COVID-19. Kebijakan ini mendorong lembaga keuangan, termasuk PT. Pasundan Jaya, untuk menyesuaikan perjanjian kredit dengan prinsip kehati-hatian dan perlindungan hukum bagi kedua belah pihak. Namun demikian, pelaksanaan relaksasi kredit memunculkan persoalan hukum terkait keabsahan perubahan perjanjian, pelaksanaan hak dan kewajiban para pihak, serta perlindungan terhadap debitur dan kreditur dalam konteks force majeure pandemi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis pelaksanaan relaksasi perjanjian kredit di PT Pasundan Jaya berdasarkan ketentuan hukum perjanjian dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, serta (2) mengidentifikasi implikasi hukum dari kebijakan tersebut terhadap hak dan kewajiban para pihak, khususnya antara kreditur dan debitur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif- analitis. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang- undangan, doktrin hukum, dan kebijakan OJK, serta dilengkapi dengan wawancara mendalam dengan pihak terkait di PT. Pasundan Jaya. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menafsirkan ketentuan hukum yang relevan terhadap praktik relaksasi kredit selama masa pandemi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan relaksasi perjanjian kredit di PT Pasundan Jaya dilakukan melalui mekanisme restrukturisasi berupa penundaan pembayaran pokok dan bunga, perpanjangan jangka waktu kredit, serta penyesuaian suku bunga sesuai kebijakan internal dan pedoman OJK. Dari perspektif hukum perjanjian, langkah tersebut sah sepanjang memenuhi syarat subjektif dan objektif sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata serta dituangkan dalam adendum perjanjian kredit. Secara hukum publik, pelaksanaan kebijakan relaksasi telah sesuai dengan POJK No. 11/POJK.03/2020 dan Surat Edaran OJK No. 13/SEOJK.03/2020. Implikasi hukumnya antara lain berupa perubahan hak dan kewajiban para pihak, khususnya relaksasi sementara bagi debitur tanpa menghapuskan kewajiban pokok pembayaran. Bagi kreditur, kebijakan ini berimplikasi pada perlunya pengelolaan risiko kredit dan pencadangan kerugian sesuai prinsip kehati-hatian. Dalam konteks perlindungan hukum, relaksasi kredit memberikan kepastian bagi debitur terdampak pandemi sekaligus menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan. Pelaksanaan relaksasi perjanjian kredit di PT Pasundan Jaya telah sesuai dengan asas-asas hukum perjanjian dan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, khususnya kebijakan OJK selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Implikasi hukumnya mencakup penyesuaian hak dan kewajiban para pihak dengan tetap menjunjung asas keseimbangan, itikad baik, dan perlindungan terhadap kepentingan debitur serta stabilitas lembaga keuangan. Kebijakan relaksasi ini menjadi wujud konkret penerapan hukum responsif dalam menghadapi keadaan darurat nasional tanpa mengabaikan kepastian dan keadilan hukum bagi semua pihak./The COVID-19 pandemic, which struck the world at the beginning of 2020, had a significant impact on the global economy, including in Indonesia. Many debtors faced difficulties in fulfilling their credit obligations due to decreased income and reduced economic activity. In response to these conditions, the Indonesian government, through the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, or OJK), issued various credit relaxation policies, including POJK No. 11/POJK.03/2020 concerning the National Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy to the Impact of the Spread of COVID-19. This policy encouraged financial institutions, including PT. Pasundan Jaya, to adjust credit agreements in accordance with the principles of prudence and legal protection for both parties.However, the implementation of credit relaxation raised legal issues related to the validity of contract amendments, the execution of the parties’ rights and obligations, and the protection of debtors and creditors within the context of the pandemic as a force majeure event. This study aims to: (1) analyze the implementation of credit agreement relaxation at PT. Pasundan Jaya based on the provisions of contract law and prevailing regulations, and (2) identify the legal implications of the policy for the rights and obligations of the parties, particularly between creditors and debtors. This research employs a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data were obtained through literature studies of statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and OJK policies, complemented by in-depth interviews with relevant parties at PT. Pasundan Jaya. The analysis was conducted qualitatively by interpreting the applicable legal provisions in relation to the practice of credit relaxation during the pandemic period. he findings indicate that the implementation of credit agreement relaxation at PT. Pasundan Jaya was implemented through a restructuring mechanism that involved the postponement of principal and interest payments, extension of credit terms, and adjustment of interest rates in accordance with internal policies and OJK guidelines. From a contract law perspective, these measures are valid as long as they meet the subjective and objective requirements stipulated in Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and are documented in an addendum to the credit agreement. From a public law standpoint, the implementation of the relaxation policy complies with POJK No. 11/POJK.03/2020 and OJK Circular Letter No. 13/SEOJK.03/2020. The legal implications include modifications to the rights and obligations of the parties, particularly in the form of temporary relief for debtors without eliminating the primary obligation to repay. For creditors, the policy necessitates careful credit risk management and loss provisioning in accordance with prudential principles. In terms of legal protection, credit relaxation provides certainty for debtors affected by the pandemic while maintaining financial system stability. In conclusion, the implementation of credit agreement relaxation at PT. Pasundan Jaya aligns with the principles of contract law and applicable legal provisions, particularly those of the OJK, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Its legal implications encompass the adjustment of parties’ rights and obligations while upholding the principles of balance, good faith, and protection of debtors’ interests as well as the stability of financial institutions. This relaxation policy represents a concrete manifestation of responsive law in addressing national emergencies without neglecting legal certainty and justice for all parties.

Actions (login required)

View Item