Determining Factors of Typhoid Fever Among Elementary School Children in Cijeungjing Village, Sumedang Regency, West Java

Sanggul, Andriyani Risma and Patriawati, Keswari Aji (2025) Determining Factors of Typhoid Fever Among Elementary School Children in Cijeungjing Village, Sumedang Regency, West Java. International Journal of Integrated Science and Technology (IJIST), 3 (12). pp. 2463-2484. ISSN 3026-4685

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Abstract

Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and remains a major concern among primary school–aged children, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to safe water. This study aimed to analyze the association between determinant factors and the incidence of typhoid fever among elementary school students in a village of Sumedang District, West Java, in 2025. An analytical cross-sectional design was conducted in January 2025 using primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. A total of 100 children were included using total/accidental sampling. Among respondents, 34% had experienced typhoid fever and 66% had not. Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between typhoid fever incidence and clean water facilities (p=0.024), handwashing before meals (p=0.009), handwashing after defecation (p=0.004), snacking outside the home (p=0.016), and PHBS (Clean and Healthy Living Behavior) knowledge level (p=0.002). No significant relationships were found for latrine facilities, household wastewater disposal, food storage practices, or typhoid fever knowledge (p>0.05). In conclusion, clean water availability, key handwashing behaviors, snacking habits, and PHBS knowledge are significant determinants of typhoid fever among elementary school children, with PHBS knowledge identified as the most influential factor.

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