BIOACTIVITY OF BREADFRUIT LEAF EXTRACT (ARTOCARPUS ALTILIS)

Rahmawati, Fri and Silaban, Hertina and Azriza, Claudia Zenith (2025) BIOACTIVITY OF BREADFRUIT LEAF EXTRACT (ARTOCARPUS ALTILIS). Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 7 (6). pp. 311-318. ISSN 2715-1972

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Abstract

Breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) contain various secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins,terpenoids, and alkaloids which are potential bioactive compounds for therapeutic purposes. This study is anexperimental laboratory research aimed at identifying bioactive compound groups and evaluating the antibacterialand antioxidant activities of breadfruit leaf extract. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with96% ethanol p.a as solvent. Identification of bioactive compounds was analyzed by Gas Chromatography MassSpectrometry (GC-MS) method, antibacterial testing by the disc diffusion method, and antioxidant evaluationusing a modified Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. The test bacteria used were Klebsiellapneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, gentamicin and chloramphenicol as positive controls. Ascorbic acid wasused as the positive control for the antioxidant assay. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of activecompounds such as Tricyclo [4.3.0.0(7,9)] nonane, trans-11-tetradecenyl acetate, ethyl tridecanoate, α-farnesolisomer, vitamin E, and β-sitosterol. The extract showed antibacterial activity against both tested bacteria, with thesmallest effective concentrations of 50 mg/mL for K. pneumoniae and 25 mg/mL for S. aureus, resulting ininhibition zones of 0.3125 mm and 1.5375 mm, respectively, although these values did not meet the sensitivitycriteria. The antioxidant activity test showed a potential antioxidant value of 9.84 mg AAE/g extract, usingascorbic acid as the standard curve.

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