Perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Arus Laut (PLTAL) Menggunakan NACA 63012A Hidrofoil Pada Turbin Air Dalam Miniatur Tangki Arus Laut

Hutabarat, Hamdani (2024) Perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Arus Laut (PLTAL) Menggunakan NACA 63012A Hidrofoil Pada Turbin Air Dalam Miniatur Tangki Arus Laut. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Krisis energi global dan meningkatnya dampak perubahan iklim telah mendorong pengembangan energi terbarukan, salah satunya energi arus laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji kinerja turbin dengan profil hidrofoil NACA 63012A dalam sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Arus Laut (PLTAL) skala miniatur. Pengujian dilakukan dalam tangki arus buatan dengan tiga variasi debit air, yaitu 1798 L/jam, 2958 L/jam, dan 3366 L/jam. Parameter utama yang diukur meliputi kecepatan putaran turbin, tegangan, arus, dan daya listrik yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan debit air secara signifikan meningkatkan daya dan efisiensi turbin. Daya rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 1,366 Watt dan efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 0.0378% dicapai pada debit 3366 L/jam. Meskipun demikian, efisiensi turbin secara keseluruhan masih perlu ditingkatkan melalui optimasi desain bilah dan konfigurasi sistem. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi awal terhadap pemanfaatan energi arus laut dengan sistem turbin yang lebih efisien dan ramah lingkungan. Kata Kunci: Turbin Air, Hidrofoil NACA 63012A, Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Arus Laut, Efisiensi Turbin / The global energy crisis and the increasing impact of climate change have encouraged the development of renewable energy, one of which is ocean current energy. This study aims to design and test the performance of a turbine with a NACA 63012A hydrofoil profile in a miniature Ocean Current Power Plant (PLTAL) system. The test was carried out in an artificial current tank with three variations in water discharge, namely 1798 L/hour, 2958 L/hour, and 3366 L/hour. The main parameters measured include turbine rotation speed, voltage, current, and electrical power generated. The results showed that increasing water discharge significantly increased turbine power and efficiency. The highest average power of 1,366 Watts and the highest efficiency of 0.0378% were achieved at a discharge of 3366 L/hour. However, the overall turbine efficiency still needs to be improved through optimization of blade design and system configuration. This study provides an initial contribution to the utilization of ocean current energy with a more efficient and environmentally friendly turbine system. Keywords: Water Turbine, NACA 63012A Hydrofoil, Ocean Current Power Plant, Turbine Efficiency

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