Ketidakadilan Gender di Korea Selatan: Benturan Budaya & Aktivisme Sosial

Amnifu, Esyana Oktaviani (2025) Ketidakadilan Gender di Korea Selatan: Benturan Budaya & Aktivisme Sosial. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi dinamika ketidakadilan gender di Korea Selatan melalui lensa teori aktivisme sosial dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif studi kasus. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan gender di Korea Selatan tidak hanya bersifat struktural tetapi juga terinternalisasi dalam nilai-nilai budaya yang diturunkan secara turun-temurun. Meskipun telah terjadi berbagai perubahan legislatif terkait kesetaraan gender, perubahan kebijakan formal belum cukup untuk mengubah praktik diskriminatif dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Gerakan aktivisme sosial di Korea Selatan menghadapi dilema strategis yang kompleks antara menggunakan pendekatan konfrontatif yang menantang nilai-nilai tradisional secara langsung atau pendekatan akomodatif yang berusaha menegosiasikan perubahan dalam kerangka budaya yang ada. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa sistem hukum yang ada masih belum sepenuhnya berpihak pada korban ketidakadilan gender, terutama dalam kasus-kasus kekerasan berbasis gender, pelecehan seksual, dan diskriminasi sistemik. Kondisi ini menyebabkan banyak kasus ketidakadilan gender tidak mendapat penanganan yang memadai atau bahkan mengalami reviktimisasi dalam proses hukum. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi aktivisme sosial dalam menghadapi tantangan perubahan sosial yang berkelanjutan di tengah ketegangan antara modernisasi dan pelestarian nilai-nilai tradisional Korea./This research explores the dynamics of gender injustice in South Korea through the lens of social activism theory using qualitative descriptive case study methodology. This research demonstrates that forms of gender injustice in South Korea are not only structural but also internalized in cultural values passed down through generations. Despite various legislative changes related to gender equality, formal policy changes have not been sufficient to alter discriminatory practices in daily life. Social activism movements in South Korea face complex strategic dilemmas between using confrontational approaches that directly challenge traditional values or accommodative approaches that seek to negotiate change within existing cultural frameworks. This research explains that the existing legal system is still not fully supportive of victims of gender injustice, particularly in cases of gender-based violence, sexual harassment, and systemic discrimination. This condition results in many cases of gender injustice not receiving adequate handling or even experiencing revictimization in legal processes. This study aims to analyze social activism strategies in addressing challenges of sustainable social change amid tensions between modernization and preservation of traditional Korean values. The research seeks to understand how social movements navigate cultural constraints while advocating for gender justice, examining the effectiveness of different advocacy strategies in creating meaningful social transformation in contemporary South Korean society.

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