Analisis Yuridis Pertanggung Jawaban Pidana Penipuan oleh Pengurus dalam Perkara PKPU yang Mengakibatkan Debitor Pailit (Studi Putusan No.277/K/Pid/2024)

Domini, Maha Hendra (2025) Analisis Yuridis Pertanggung Jawaban Pidana Penipuan oleh Pengurus dalam Perkara PKPU yang Mengakibatkan Debitor Pailit (Studi Putusan No.277/K/Pid/2024). S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penanganan PKPU di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring dinamika ekonomi yang kompleks. Proses verifikasi utang menjadi tahap kritis, memerlukan ketelitian dan integritas dari kurator atau pengurus. Namun, kewenangan luas mereka sering disalahgunakan melalui manipulasi jumlah piutang, yang dapat merugikan debitor dan memicu kepailitan. Tindakan ini melanggar prinsip good faith dan berpotensi dikategorikan sebagai penipuan. Regulasi yang ada belum sepenuhnya mengatur pertanggungjawaban pidana kurator atau pengurus dalam kasus ini, sehingga diperlukan kajian untuk melindungi debitor dan memperbaiki sistem hukum kepailitan. Sesuai dengan undang-undang kepailitan dan PKPU Independensi pengurus PKPU penting untuk memastikan restrukturisasi utang berlangsung adil dan transparan. Sebagai pihak yang ditunjuk pengadilan, pengurus wajib bersikap netral, profesional, dan menjaga integritas. Tugas utama pengurus adalah menjaga keseimbangan kepentingan debitur dan kreditur, sehingga proses PKPU berjalan sesuai aturan dan memberikan hasil yang adil bagi semua pihak. Dalam putusan PN, Majelis Hakim seharusnya tidak menghapus pasal mengenai surat palsu karena para terdakwa telah terbukti sengaja memanipulasi jumlah piutang kreditur dalam proses PKPU. Mereka menggunakan dokumen palsu terkait utang piutang, yang menyebabkan gagalnya rencana perdamaian. Akibatnya, debitor tidak dapat memenuhi kewajiban dan jatuh ke dalam kepailitan. / PKPU handling in Indonesia continues to increase in line with complex economic dynamics. The debt verification process is a critical stage, requiring rigor and integrity from the curator or administrator. However, their broad authority is often abused through manipulation of the amount of receivables, which can harm debtors and trigger bankruptcy. This action violates the principle of good faith and could potentially be categorized as fraud. Existing regulations do not fully regulate the criminal liability of curators or administrators in these cases, so studies are needed to protect debtors and improve the bankruptcy legal system. In accordance with the Bankruptcy and PKPU laws, the independence of PKPU administrators is important to ensure that debt restructuring is fair and transparent. As a court-appointed party, the board must be neutral, professional, and maintain integrity. The main task of the administrator is to balance the interests of debtors and creditors, so that the PKPU process runs according to the rules and provides fair results for all parties. In the District Court's decision, the Panel of Judges should not have deleted the article on forged documents because the defendants had been proven to have deliberately manipulated the amount of creditors' receivables in the PKPU process. They used false documents related to debts and receivables, which led to the failure of the peace plan. As a result, the debtors could not fulfill their obligations and fell into bankruptcy.

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