Peran Kenyamanan Termal Ruang Kelas Terhadap Psikologi Siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Obaa, Kabupaten Mappi, Provinsi Papua Selatan

Ary, Yisry (2025) Peran Kenyamanan Termal Ruang Kelas Terhadap Psikologi Siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Obaa, Kabupaten Mappi, Provinsi Papua Selatan. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Kenyamanan termal memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung proses pembelajaran, terutama di wilayah dengan iklim panas seperti Papua Selatan. Namun, bagi sebagian sekolah di Kabupaten Mappi secara termal belum memenuhi kondisi nyaman baik dari aspek lingkungan seperti suhu udara, dan juga dari aspek desain arsitektur. Kondisi ini kemudian memiliki dampak terhadap psikologi siswa seperti menurunnya fokus dan konsentrasi belajar, sehingga proses pembelajaran menjadi kurang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi kenyamanan termal di ruang kelas SMA Negeri 1 Obaa, Kabupaten Mappi, Provinsi Papua Selatan, desain arsitektural bangunan kelas, serta dampaknya terhadap psikologi siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran faktor kenyamanan termal, identifikasi desain arsitektural bangunan, dan kuesioner mengenai persepsi siswa terhadap kenyamanan termal dan dampak terhadap psikologinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) sebesar 2,35 (kategori warm) dan PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied) sebesar 90%, yang mencerminkan ketidaknyamanan termal ekstrem. Suhu udara rata-rata mencapai 29,7°C pada pagi hari dan meningkat hingga 32,4°C pada siang hari. Kondisi desain arsitektural bangunan sekolah berorientasi pada utara-selatan, timur-barat, dan sebaliknya, memiliki ventilasi high opening dengan bukaan jendela casement top-hung 75%, menggunakan kaca bening dengan shading coefficient 0,95, atap seng baru dengan koefisien serapan kalor 65%, bangunan didominasi warna biru dengan koefisien serapan kalor 40-50%, ketinggian plafon 3m dan tidak memiliki elemen sun shading. Sebanyak 85% siswa melaporkan bahwa kondisi termal memengaruhi psikologi mereka, termasuk menurunnya konsentrasi, meningkatnya stres, serta perubahan emosi. Dengan demikian, secara keseluruhan kondisi termal ruang kelas di SMA Negeri 1 Obaa, belum memenuhi kenyamanan termal baik dari aspek kondisi termal ruang dan aspek desain arsitekturalnya, berpengaruh terhadap psikologi siswa. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan tinjauan pada kondisi termal ruang kelas dan melakukan perbaikan pada bagian-bagian yang perlu agar kondisi ruang kelas rmemenuhi kondisi nyaman termal, sehingga proses pembelajaran menjadi semakin efektif. Kata Kunci: kenyamanan termal, desain arsitektur, psikologi siswa. / ABSTRACT Thermal comfort plays an important role in supporting the learning process, especially in areas with hot climates such as South Papua. However, for some schools in Mappi Regency, thermally they have not met comfortable conditions both from environmental aspects such as air temperature, and also from architectural design aspects. This condition then has an impact on student psychology such as decreased focus and concentration on learning, so that the learning process becomes less effective. This study aims to examine the thermal comfort conditions in the classrooms of SMA Negeri 1 Obaa, Mappi Regency, South Papua Province, the architectural design of the classroom building, and its impact on student psychology. Data were collected through measuring thermal comfort factors, identifying architectural designs of buildings, and questionnaires regarding student perceptions of thermal comfort and the impact on their psychology. The results showed an average PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) value of 2.35 (warm category) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied) of 90%, which reflects extreme thermal discomfort. The average air temperature reached 29.7°C in the morning and increased to 32.4°C during the day. The architectural design conditions of the school building are oriented north-south, east-west, and vice versa, have high opening ventilation with 75% top-hung casement window openings, use clear glass with a shading coefficient of 0.95, a new zinc roof with a heat absorption coefficient of 65%, the building is dominated by blue with a heat absorption coefficient of 40-50%, a ceiling height of 3m and does not have sun shading elements. As many as 85% of students reported that thermal conditions affect their psychology, including decreased concentration, increased stress, and emotional changes. Thus, overall the thermal conditions of the classrooms at SMA Negeri 1 Obaa have not met thermal comfort both in terms of the thermal conditions of the room and the architectural design aspects, affecting student psychology. Therefore, it is necessary to review the thermal conditions of the classrooms and make improvements to the necessary parts so that the classroom conditions meet thermal comfort conditions, so that the learning process becomes more effective. Keywords: thermal comfort, architectural design, student psychology

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