Analisis Kualitas Daya Listrik 3 Fasa pada Gedung Atria Residences Gading Serpong

Nadeak, David Ryanto M (2024) Analisis Kualitas Daya Listrik 3 Fasa pada Gedung Atria Residences Gading Serpong. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Jaringan sistem kelistrikan suatu gedung dalam penggunaan beban nonlinier terus meningkat, sehingga menarik perhatian untuk mempelajari sifat harmonik dan teknik mitigasinya. Di lingkungan yang kaya akan harmonik, kapasitor dengan tuned reactor yang disesuaikan digunakan untuk membantu menjaga faktor daya dipasang. Oleh karena itu, pengukuran dilakukan dengan alat ukur Hioki 3198 untuk menentukan pengaruh beban nonlinier sebagai penyebab munculnya harmonik. Hasil data yang diperoleh, dianalisa menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan membandingkan berdasarkan standar IEEE 519-1992, nilai faktor daya mengacu pada Standar PLN 70-1 (85%) dan frekuensi mengacu pada Standar IEC 6100-2-1-1990 (50 Hz). Terdapat hasil yang diperoleh, seperti; nilai (THD_V) memenuhi standar pada fasa L2 (S) sebesar 1,08% dari nilai acuan 5% dan nilai (THD_I) dibawah batas nilai standar pada fasa T dan pada fasa L2 (S) sebesar 14,27%, memenihi batas izin standar sebesar 15%. Nilai pengukuran frekuensi dapat memenuhi standar IEC yaitu dibawah nilai batas izin 50 Hz. Namun, hasil pengukuran faktor daya tidak memenuhi batas izin standar yang diperbolehkan yaitu ≥ 85%, sedangkan yang terukur yaitu kisaran -60% hingga -90%. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengaturan voltase otomatis (VAAS) yang menggunakan generator statis Var dengan rating 600kVar dan kondisi faktor daya yang diukur diperlukan untuk mitigasi. Kata kunci: Harmonisa, kapasitor bank, turned reactor. / The electrical system network of a building in the use of nonlinear loads continues to increase, thus attracting attention to study the nature of harmonics and their mitigation techniques. In an environment rich in harmonics, capacitors with customised tuned reactors are used to help maintain the power factor are installed. Therefore, measurements were taken with a Hioki 3198 measuring instrument to determine the influence of nonlinear loads as the cause of harmonics. The results of the data obtained were analysed using quantitative methods by comparing based on the IEEE 519-1992 standard, the power factor value refers to PLN Standard 70-1 (85%) and the frequency refers to IEC Standard 6100-2-1-1990 (50 Hz). There are results obtained, such as; the (THD_V) value meets the standard in the L2 (S) phase by 1.08% of the reference value of 5% and the (THD_I) I value is below the standard value limit in the T phase and in the L2 (S) phase by 14.27%, meeting the standard permit limit of 15%. The frequency measurement value can meet the IEC standard, which is below the 50 Hz permission limit value. However, the power factor measurement results do not meet the standard permissible limit of ≥ 85%, while what is measured is the range of -60% to -90%. The research shows that an automatic voltage regulation system (VAAS) using a Var static generator with a rating of 600kVar and the measured power factor conditions are required for mitigation. Keywords: Harmonics, capacitor banks, tuned reactors

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