Polemik Reformasi Monarki: Gerakan Pro-Demokrasi di Thailand

Natalie, Miranda (2021) Polemik Reformasi Monarki: Gerakan Pro-Demokrasi di Thailand. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Ditengah masa pandemi COVID-19, Bangkok, Thailand mencuri perhatian masyarakat internasional seiring terjadinya demonstrasi besar-besaran oleh gerakan-gerekan massa pro-demokrasi yang menuntut reformasi politik selama dua tahun terakhir. Pemicunya adalah tindakan represif yang sering dilakukan rezim militer terhadap kelompok-kelompok masyarakat kritis, pembubaran partai pro-demokrasi anti-militer (Future Forward Party) yang membuat ruang demokrasi di Thailand semakin dibatasi. Peristiwa tersebut memunculkan gerakan rakyat pro-demokrasi menuntut adanya reformasi monarki dan pengunduran diri perdana Menteri Prayuth Chan-Ocha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hambatan-hambatan dalam transformasi politik di Thailand dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kepentingan nasional yang sudah seharusnya menjadi prioritas negara sering kali dikesampingkan oleh para elit negara dan Raja gagal membawa politik Thailand kembali kepada nilai-nilai demokrasi Thailand yang demokratis dan memposisikan kepentingan pribadinya diatas kepentingan negara. / In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, Bangkok, Thailand stole the attention of the international community along with massive demonstrations by mass pro-democracy movements demanding political reforms over the past two years. The trigger is the repressive actions that are often carried out by the military regime against critical community groups, the dissolution of the anti-military pro-democracy party (Future Forward Party) which makes the democratic space in Thailand increasingly limited. The incident gave rise to a pro-democracy movement demanding reform of the monarchy and the resignation of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-Ocha. Instead of meeting the requirements of the pro-democracy people to reform the monarchy, parliamentarians did not provide sufficient support to meet their long-held requirements. This study aims to analyze the barriers to political transformation in Thailand with a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study found that the national interest which should have been the priority of the state was often overlooked by the state elite and the King failed to bring Thai politics back to the democratic values of Thailand's democracy and positioned his personal interests above the interests of the state.

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