Analisis Keberlanjutan Energi di Provinsi Riau dengan Metode Sustainable Energy Development Index

Fuad, Ahsanul (2024) Analisis Keberlanjutan Energi di Provinsi Riau dengan Metode Sustainable Energy Development Index. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Provinsi Riau memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan energi baru terbarukan (EBT), dengan total potensi mencapai 59 gigawatt (GW), yang terdiri dari enam jenis sumber energi, yaitu panas bumi, udara, biomassa, surya, angin, dan laut. Namun, hingga saat ini, pemanfaatan EBT di Provinsi Riau baru mencapai 84,89 megawatt (MW) atau sekitar 1,427% dari total potensi yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat keberlanjutan energi di Provinsi Riau menggunakan metode Sustainable Energy Development Index (SEDI) berdasarkan tujuh indikator utama, yaitu dampak lingkungan, energi terbarukan, transportasi, penggunaan energi, akses sumber daya energi, ketahanan energi, dan kebijakan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan instansi terkait selama periode 2019 hingga 2023. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keberlanjutan energi di Provinsi Riau terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Namun, terdapat dua sub-indikator yang perlu diperbaiki, yaitu Amount of renewable energy in electricity production / Total energy production from renewable energy yang berada dalam kelompok indikator renewable energy dan sub-indikator Loss of energy / Total primary energy supply yang berada dalam kelompok indikator Use of Energy. Studi ini juga mengidentifikasi bahwa kebijakan pemerintah, seperti Program Riau Hijau dan peraturan daerah tentang energi, sudah mendukung pengembangan energi berkelanjutan. Untuk mencapai keberlanjutan energi yang lebih baik di masa depan, rekomendasi utama yang diberikan meliputi pengembangan pembangkit listrik berbasis energi terbarukan, optimalisasi efisiensi distribusi energi, serta penerapan kebijakan pendukung yang lebih kuat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Riau dalam merumuskan kebijakan yang lebih efektif untuk mewujudkan pembangunan energi yang berkelanjutan di masa depan. Kata Kunci: Energi Terbarukan, Provinsi Riau, Sustainable Energy Development Index. / Riau Province has significant potential for renewable energy development, with a total estimated capacity of around 59 gigawatts (GW), covering various sources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydropower. However, as of 2022, the utilization of renewable energy in Riau only reaches about 84.89 megawatts (MW), or approximately 1.427% of the total available potential. This study aims to analyze the sustainability level of energy in Riau Province using the Sustainable Energy Development Index (SEDI) method, based on seven key indicators: environmental impact, renewable energy, transportation, energy use, energy resource accessibility, energy resilience, and policy. The data used in this research are secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and relevant institutions covering the period from 2019 to 2023. The analysis results show that energy sustainability in Riau Province has continued to improve each year. However, there are two sub-indicators that need to be addressed: the Amount of renewable energy in electricity production / Total energy production from renewable energy, which falls under the renewable energy indicator group, and the sub-indicator Loss of energy / Total primary energy supply, which falls under the Use of Energy indicator group. This study also identifies that government policies, such as the Riau Green Program and regional energy regulations, already support the development of sustainable energy. To achieve better energy sustainability in the future, the main recommendations include the development of renewable energy-based power plants, optimization of energy distribution efficiency, and the implementation of stronger supporting policies. This research is expected to serve as a reference for the local government of Riau Province in formulating more effective policies to achieve sustainable energy development in the future. Keywords: Renewable Energy, Riau Province, Sustainable Energy Development Index.

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