Ko-Infeksi Mikosis Paru pada Pasien Positif Covid-19 – Ulasan Literatur Sistematik

Purnawan, Charin Gressilia (2021) Ko-Infeksi Mikosis Paru pada Pasien Positif Covid-19 – Ulasan Literatur Sistematik. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Coronavirus diseases 2019 ( COVID-19 ) adalah penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2 dan saat ini merupakan masalah kesehatan diseluruh dunia. Virus ini pertama kali muncul di Wuhan, Tiongkok dan terus menyebar ke hampir keseluruh dunia sehingga World Health Organization ( WHO ) menyatakan kasus infeksi ini sebagai pandemi. Pada kasus COVID-19 berat dan kritis dengan gejala acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) harus mendapatkan perawatan di ruang intensive care unit ( ICU ) dan menerima terapi invasif ventilasi mekanik dan kortikosteroid. Pada penelitian terbaru pasien COVID-19 berat dan kritis sangat mudah terkena mikosis paru karena faktor risiko seperti penggunakan ventilator mekanik, perawatan di ruang ICU yang lama dan terapi kortikosteroid. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode ulasan literatur sistematik untuk menganalisis artikel-artikel penelitian mengenai kejadian mikosis paru pada pasien COVID-19. Didapatkan 39 artikel dengan pencarian “pulmonary mycosis and COVID-19 ”, setelah itu dilakukan pengelolaan data dengan metode critical appraisal skills programme ( CASP ). Dengan menggunakan metode CASP diambil 20 artikel sesuai dengan karakteristik, kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan penyebab tersering kejadian mikosis paru pada pasien COVID-19 adalah Aspergillus fumigatus dan Aspergillus flavus. Faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi adalah pasien dengan terapi kortikosteroid, pasien dengan gejala ARDS di ICU, usia dan penggunaan ventilator mekanik serta penyakit yang mendasari seperti choric obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ), kegagalan fungsi hati, acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ). Kata kunci: pandemi, kortikosteroid, SARS-CoV-2, Aspergillus spp,. / Coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is currently a worldwide health problem. The virus first appeared in Wuhan, China and continued to spread to almost all over the world so the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the case of this infection as a pandemic. In the case of and severe COVID-19 with symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) should get treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) and receive invasive therapy of mechanical ventilation and corticosteroids. In recent studies severe and critical COVID-19 patients are highly susceptible to pulmonary mycosis due to risk factors such as the use of mechanical ventilators, treatment in ICU and corticosteroid therapy. In recent studies severe and critical COVID-19 patients are highly susceptible to pulmonary mycosis due to risk factors such as the use of mechanical ventilators, treatment in ICU and corticosteroid therapy. This study was conducted by systematic literature review method to analyze research articles on the incidence of pulmonary mycosis in COVID-19 patients. Obtained 39 articles with the search "pulmonary mycosis and COVID-19 ", after that conducted data management with critical appraisal skills programme (CASP). By using CASP method taken 20 articles according to characteristics, inclusion criteria and exclusions. The results of the study obtained the most common causes of pulmonary mycosis incidence in COVID-19 patients are Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. Risk factors that affect are patients with corticosteroid therapy, patients with symptoms of ARDS in the ICU, age and use of mechanical ventilators as well as underlying diseases such as choric obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), liver failure, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Keywords: pandemic, corticosteroids, SARS-CoV-2, Aspergillus spp,.

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