Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan Jakarta Periode Januari 2017 – Desember 2018

Kadang, Tisha Santi (2019) Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan Jakarta Periode Januari 2017 – Desember 2018. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proporsi kejadian TB paru anak di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 1,08% – 15,90%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien tuberkulosis paru anak usia 0 – 16 tahun di RSUP Persahabatan periode Januari 2017 – Desember 2018. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dengan teknik total sampling dan diperoleh 67 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok usia 12 – 16 tahun (47,8%), jenis kelamin laki – laki (52,2%), dan status gizi baik (50,7%) merupakan kelompok yang terbanyak terkena TB paru. Hasil pemeriksaan BTA negatif terdapat pada 27 subyek (40,3%). Pemeriksaan foto toraks paling banyak ditemukan gambaran sugestif mendukung TB sebanyak 48 subyek (71,6%) dan gambaran infiltrat sebanyak 28 subyek (58,5%). Dari 37 subyek yang dilakukan tes tuberkulin, hanya 16 yang menunjukkan hasil positif. Tes cepat molekuler hanya dilakukan pada 20 subyek, dimana 11 subyek memberi hasil positif. Simpulan. Prevalensi terbanyak anak yang menderita TB paru adalah kelompok berusia 12 – 16 tahun, dengan jenis kelamin laki – laki, dan status gizi normal. Kata kunci : Tuberkulosis paru, anak. / Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis in children in Indonesia is quite wide, approximately 1.08% - 15.90%. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis aged 0-16 years at RSUP Persahabatan from January 2017 - December 2018. This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional approach. The data of this study were collected from medical records with total sampling technique and obtained 67 samples. The results of this study was pulmonary TB mostly affected 12-16 years old age group (47.8%), mostly found in boys (52.2%), and based on nutritional status, TB mostly found in children with good nutritional status in (50.7%). Mostly BTA examination showed negative results in 27 subject (40.3%). The chest X-ray examination were found to be suggestive TB in 48 subjects (71.6%) with infiltrate imaging showed in 28 subjects (58.5%). Of the 37 subjects who underwent tuberculin testing, only 16 showed positive results. Molecular rapid tests were only carried out on 20 subjects, of which 11 subjects gave positive results. Conclusions. The highest prevalence of children infected with pulmonary TB are in 12-16 years old, male, and normal nutritional status group. Keywords : Pulmonary tuberculosis, children

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