Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun dan Kulit Batang Tahongai (Kleinhovia Hospita L.) Menggunakan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

Clara, Tarukan Gabrilla (2017) Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun dan Kulit Batang Tahongai (Kleinhovia Hospita L.) Menggunakan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.) dikenal sebagai salah satu tumbuhan obat di Indonesia. Tumbuhan tahongai termasuk dalam famili Malvaceae. Tahongai ini juga dikenal dengan nama timoho (Jawa) dan paliasa (Bugis). Beberapa komponen yang berhasil diisolasi seperti skopoletin, kuarsetin, rutin dan kamferol dari tahongai memiliki potensi farmakologis yang besar, namun hingga saat ini tidak banyak informasi ilmiah mengenai efek toksisitas dari daun dan kulit batang tahongai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas dari ekstrak daun dan kulit batang tahongai menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) serta mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa pada ekstrak dengan uji fitokimia. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, ekstrak daun dan kulit batang tahongai memiliki efek toksik terhadap larva Artemia salina. Efek tersebut semakin meningkat dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak. Hal ini menyatakan kedua ekstrak bersifat toksik. Ekstrak daun tahongai mengandung alkaloid, saponin, dan tanin, pada ekstrak kulit batang mengandung alkaloid dan tanin. Kata kunci: Tahongai, Kleinhovia hospita L., toksisitas, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, anti kanker. / Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.) is known as one of herbal medicine in Indonesia. Tahongai belongs to Malvaceae family. In other region of Indonesia, Tahongai is known as timoho (Javanese) and paliasa (Bugis language). Several compounds, such as scopoletin, quarcetin, rutin and kaempferol which have been isolated from tahongai have a great pharmacological potential, but until now there are not many scientific information about the effects of toxicity from Tahongai leaves and stem barks. The aims of this research were determine the toxicity from the extracts using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) and the content of its compounds using phytochemical screening. Based on the researched, both extract have toxicity effect against Artemia salina larvae. The effects of toxicity are increasingly accorded by increased concentration of the extracts. This is stated both extracts are toxic. Tahongai leaves extract exhibited the presence of alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, and on Tahongai stem barks extract contains alkaloids and tannins. Keywords: Tahongai, Kleinhovia hospita L., toxicity, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, anti cancer.

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