Gambaran Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Status Gizi Kurang pada Balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cengkareng Tahun 2018

S, Unggul Dedi Triatmojo (2018) Gambaran Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Status Gizi Kurang pada Balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cengkareng Tahun 2018. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Masa balita dalam kehidupan merupakan periode yang penting, karena terjadi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Bila terjadi gangguan, terutama pada gizi, dapat menimbulkan gangguan yang permanen, tidak dapat diperbaiki walaupun gizi pada masa selanjutnya terpenuhi. Di Indonesia berdasarkan data Buku Saku Pemantauan Status Gizi tahun 2017 Kemenkes RI, persentase status gizi kurang pada balita 0 – 59 bulan berdasarkan BB/U berjumlah 14 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi staus gizi kurang pada balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cengkareng. Menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 36 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan hasil pemeriksaan antropometri berat badan, kuesioner dan formulir food recall 24 jam. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pendapatan keluarga rendah (72,2%), pendidikan ibu rendah (58,3%), pengetahuan ibu di dominasi pengetahuan kurang (47,2%), sebagian ibu tidak bekerja (63,9%), jumlah anak berdistribusi imbang (50%-50%), pola pemberian makan baik (52,8%), tingkat asupan energi di dominasi asupan kurang (58,3%), asupan protein baik (52,8%). Balita tidak ASI Ekslusif (75 %), balita imunisasi lengkap (66,7%), sebagian besar balita memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi (72,2%). Kata Kunci : Balita, gizi kurang, pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan ibu, pengetahuan ibu, status ibu bekerja, jumlah anak, pola pemberian makan, asupan makan, pemberian ASI ekslusif, status imunisasi, penyakit infeksi. / Toddler period in life is an important, because the growth of development rapidly increase each years. If a disturbance occurs, especially in nutrition, it can cause permanent disturbances, cannot be repaired even though nutrition in the future is fulfilled. In Indonesia, based on data from the 2017 Ministry of Health's Nutrition Monitoring Handbook, the percentage of malnutrition in infants aged 0-59 months based on BB / U amounts to 14%. This study aims to describe the factors that influence the lack of nutrition in children under five in Cengkareng Sub-district Health Center. Using purposive sampling technique, with the number of respondents as many as 36 people. Data collection techniques used the results of anthropometric examination of body weight, questionnaires and 24-hour food recall forms. The results obtained showed that the majority of family income was low (72.2%), mother's education was low (58.3%), mother's knowledge was dominated by lack of knowledge (47.2%), some mothers did not work (63.9%) , the number of children has a balanced distribution (50% -50%), a pattern of good feeding (52.8%), the level of energy intake is dominated by less intake (58.3%), good protein intake (52.8%). Toddlers are not exclusive breastfeeding (75%), toddlers complete immunization (66.7%), most toddlers have a history of infectious diseases (72.2%). Keywords: Toddlers, undernutrition, family income, mother's education, mother's knowledge, working mother's status, number of children, feeding pattern, food intake, exclusive breastfeeding, immunization status, infectious diseases

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