Gambaran Karakteristik Spondilitis Tuberkulosis (Pott’s Disease) di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto 2017-2019

Mijaya, Irfan Yusuf (2020) Gambaran Karakteristik Spondilitis Tuberkulosis (Pott’s Disease) di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto 2017-2019. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Spondilitis tuberkulosis (TB) atau dikenal dengan Pott’s disease adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang mengenai tulang belakang. Sekitar 20% infeksi TB paru akan menyebar keluar paru (TB ekstrapulmoner). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien spondilitis tuberkulosis di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto periode Januari 2017 – Desember 2019. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross- sectional. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dengan teknik total sampling dan diperoleh 75 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis kelamin laki – laki (50,7%), kelompok usia 21 – 29 tahun (29,3%), dan status gizi normal (33,3%) merupakan kelompok yang terbanyak terkena spondilitis tuberkulosis. Jenis pekerjaan terbanyak merupakan ibu rumah tangga (28,0%). Terdapat 48 pasien (64%) yang tidak pernah mengonsumsi obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT). 69 pasien (92%) tidak memiliki riwayat merokok dan semua pasien tidak memiliki riwayat mengonsumsi alkohol. Terdapat 62 pasien (82,7%) tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit lain. Hanya 1 orang (1,3%) pasien spondilitis TB yang memiliki hasil BTA positif. Sebanyak 41 orang (54,7%) pasien spondilitis TB memiliki data MRI/CT SCAN. Lokasi spondilitis TB terbanyak terdapat pada vertebrae Torakal 20 orang (26,7%). Terdapat sebanyak 49 pasien (53,3%) yang memiliki riwayat abses paravertebral, 44 pasien (58,7%) yang tidak memiliki riwayat degenerasi diskus, dan 44 orang (58,7%) pasien yang tidak memiliki fraktur kompresi. Simpulan. Prevalensi terbanyak pasien yang menderita spondilitis TB adalah kelompok berusia 21 – 29 tahun, dengan jenis kelamin laki – laki, dan status gizi normal. Kata kunci : Spondilitis tuberkulosis, Pott’s disease. / Tuberculous spondylitis or known as Pott's disease is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which hits the spine. About 20% of pulmonary TB infections will spread outside the lungs (extrapulmonary TB). This study aims to determine the characteristics of tuberculous spondylitis patients at the Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital for the January 2017 - December 2019 period. This study is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach study. Data obtained from medical records with total sampling technique and obtained 75 samples. The results showed that male gender (50.7%), age group 21-29 years (29.3%), and normal nutritional status (33.3%) were the groups most affected by tuberculous spondylitis. Most of tuberculosis spondylitis patients were housewives (28.0%). There were 48 patients (64%) who had never taken anti-tuberculosis drugs. 69 patients (92%) had no history of smoking and all patients had no history of consuming alcohol. There were 62 patients (82.7%) who did not have a history of other diseases. Only 1 person (1.3%) tuberculous spondylitis patient had a BTA positive result. A total of 41 people (54.7%) tuberculous spondylitis patients had MRI / CT SCAN data. The location of most tuberculous spondylitis was in the thoracic vertebrae of 20 people (26.7%). There were 49 patients (53.3%) who had a history of paravertebral abscesses, 44 patients (58.7%) who had no history of disc degeneration, and 44 (58.7%) patients who did not have compression fractures. Conclusion. The most prevalence of patients suffering from TB spondylitis is the group aged 21-29 years, with male gender, and normal nutritional status. Key words : Tuberculous spondylitis, Pott’s disease.

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