Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Tuberculosis yang Mengalami Masalah Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas dengan Latihan Batuk Efektif di RSU UKI Jakarta

Kurniasari, Diah (2019) Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Tuberculosis yang Mengalami Masalah Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas dengan Latihan Batuk Efektif di RSU UKI Jakarta. D3 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB Paru) merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan “Mycobacterium tuberculosis” yang menyerang paru-paru dan hampir seluruh organ tubuh lainnya. Berdasarkan Global Report Tuberculosis, terdapat 8,6 juta kasus baru Tuberkulosis (TB Paru) di seluruh dunia. Angka kejadian pasien Tuberkulosis di RSU UKI Jakarta sebanyak 664 pasien (29,31%). Keluhan utama pasien Tuberkulosis adalah batuk berdahak dan pasien kurang memahami dan mengerti dalam melakukan latihan batuk efektif sehingga pasien tidak mampu mengeluarkan dahak. Tujuan karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk memperoleh pengalaman nyata dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien Tuberkulosis dengan latihan batuk efektif di RSU UKI Jakarta selama 13 Maret sampai 16 Maret 2019 Penelitian ini mengambil 2 pasien yaitu Tn.B dan Tn.M. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi kasus dan pendekatan proses keperawatan yaitu Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas dengan cara mengajarkan latihan batuk efektif, memberikan posisi semi fowler, memberikan minum air hangat dan memberikan obat anti Tuberkulosis serta inhalasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebelum diajarkan intervensi latihan batuk efektif kedua pasien tidak dapat mengeluarkan sputum secara efektif. Sesudah diajarkan latihan batuk efektif pasien 2 dapat mengeluarkan sputum secara efektif dan batuk berkurang sementara pasien 1 kurang efektif mengeluarkan sputum dan masih batuk. Hal ini disebabkan pasien 1 tidak melakukan batuk efektif secara rutin. Kesimpulan batuk efektif dapat membantu mengeluarkan sputum pada pasien Tuberkulosis selama 3 hari dan direkomendasikan untuk perawat agar dapat mengajarkan latihan batuk efektif dan memotivasi pasien Tuberkulosis untuk latihan batuk efektif secara mandiri. Kata kunci : Tuberkulosis, Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas, Latihan Batuk Efektif. / Tuberkulosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease caused by "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" which attacks the lungs and almost all other organs. Based Global Tuberculosis Report , there were 8.6 million cases of new T uberkulosis (pulmonary TB) worldwide. The incidence of Tuberculosis patients in the UKI Jakarta Public Hospital was 664 patients (29.31%) . The main complaint of Tuberculosis patients is cough with phlegm and the patient lacks understanding and comprehension in performing effective cough exercises so the patient is unable to expel phlegm. The purpose of this scientific paper is to gain real experience in providing nursing care to Tuberculosis patients with effective cough training at the UKI Hospital in Jakarta from March 13 to March 16 , 2019. This study took two patients namely Mr. B and Mr. M. The research uses a case study method and nursing process approach that is the Ineffectiveness of Airway Cleansing by teaching effective cough exercises, giving a semifowler position, giving warm water drinking and giving anti-tuberculosis and inhalation drugs . The research result didap a VING that before the intervention taught exercise effective cough second patient can not remove sputum effectively. after taught coughing exercises effective patient 2 can output sputu m effectively and coughing is reduced while the patients one less effectively removing sputum and still coughing . This is due to patient 1 not doing an effective cough routinely. Conclusion Effective cough can help remove sputum in Tuberculosis patients for 3 days and it is recommended for nurses to be able to teach effective cough exercises and motivate Tuberculosis patients to practice cough effectively independently. Words key : Tuberculosis , Ineffective clearance Jalan Breath , Exercise Cough Effective .

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