Pelanggaran Prinsip Non-Refoulement dalam Kebijakan Operation Sovereign Borders Australia pada Masa Pemerintahan PM Tony Abbott

Ngadha, Claudia Constancia Diwi (2024) Pelanggaran Prinsip Non-Refoulement dalam Kebijakan Operation Sovereign Borders Australia pada Masa Pemerintahan PM Tony Abbott. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Australia sebagai salah satu negara yang meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 terkait pengungsi dan pencari suaka tentunya memiliki kewajiban untuk mematuhi setiap ketentuan yang ada dalam konvensi tersebut, salah satunya adalah prinsip non-refoulement yang menegaskan bahwa seseorang tidak dapat diusir atau dipulangkan ke negara asalnya jika nyawa dan kebebasan mereka terancam, dan dengan demikian berlaku bagi semua negara yang telah meratifikasi Konvensi 1951. Namun mengingat kedatangan pencari suaka yang semakin meningkat, maka pemerintah Australia membuat beberapa kebijakan yang diharapkan dapat mengurangi arus kedatangan pencari suaka dan melindungi keamanan perbatasan, salah satunya adalah kebijakan Operation Sovereign Borders (OSB). OSB merupakan kebijakan yang diresmikan oleh Australia di bawah pemerintahan PM Tony Abbott pada tahun 2013 dengan penegasan bahwa pencari suaka ilegal yang tiba di Australia dengan perahu tidak diberikan kesempatan untuk mendapatkan izin menetap di negara tersebut. Dalam penerapannya, kebijakan OSB dinilai melanggar prinsip non-refoulement karena mengusir dan mengembalikan perahu yang mengangkut pencari suaka kembali ke negara asalnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan alasan mengapa Australia melanggar prinsip non-refoulement dalam penerapan kebijakan OSB. Adapun teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori keamanan nasional dan konsep non-refoulement. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif yang diharapkan dapat menjelaskan mengapa Australia melanggar prinsip non-refoulement dalam kebijakan OSB. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah Australia berupaya melindungi keamanan nasionalnya melalui kebijakan OSB untuk mengurangi tindakan kriminal, melindungi keamanan perbatasan, mengurangi jumlah perahu, dan mengurangi angka kematian di laut. Australia berani mengesampingkan bahkan melanggar kewajiban internasionalnya sebagai ratifikator Konvensi 1951 demi mengutamakan kepentingannya untuk menjaga kedaulatan perbatasan dan keamanan nasionalnya. / Australia as one of the countries that ratified the 1951 Convention regarding refugees and asylum seekers certainly has an obligation to comply with every provision contained in the convention, one of which is the principle of non-refoulement which confirms that a person cannot be expelled or returned to their country of origin if their life and liberty are lost. they are threatened, and thus apply to all countries that have ratified the 1951 Convention. However, considering the increasing arrival of asylum seekers, the Australian government has made several policies which are expected to reduce the flow of arrivals of asylum seekers and protect border security, one of which is the Operation Sovereign policy Borders (OSB). OSB is a policy launched by Australia under the government of PM Tony Abbott in 2013 with the assertion that illegal asylum seekers who arrived in Australia by boat were not given the opportunity to obtain permission to remain in the country. In its implementation, the OSB policy is considered to violate the principle of non-refoulement because it expels and returns boats carrying asylum seekers back to their countries of origin. This research aims to explain the reasons why Australia violates the principle of non-refoulement in implementing the OSB policy. The theories used in this research are national security theory and the concept of non-refoulement. The research method used is a qualitative method with an explanatory type of research which is expected to explain why Australia violated the non-refoulement principle in the OSB policy. The findings of this research are that Australia seeks to protect its national security through OSB policies to reduce criminal acts, protect border security, reduce the number of boats, and reduce the number of deaths at sea. Australia dares to ignore and even violate its international obligations as a ratifier of the 1951 Convention in order to prioritize its interests in maintaining its border sovereignty and national security.

Item Type: Thesis (S1)
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorDamayanti, AngelNIDN0324107703angel.damayanti@uki.ac.id
Subjects: POLITICAL SCIENCE
POLITICAL SCIENCE > International relations
Divisions: FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK > Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Depositing User: Users 4881 not found.
Date Deposited: 24 Jul 2024 02:58
Last Modified: 24 Jul 2024 02:58
URI: http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/15173

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