Profil Keberadaan Cacing, Status Gizi dan Tingkat Prestasi pada Anak Usia Sekolah di SDN 07 Cawang Tahun 2023

Desriahta, Theresia (2024) Profil Keberadaan Cacing, Status Gizi dan Tingkat Prestasi pada Anak Usia Sekolah di SDN 07 Cawang Tahun 2023. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH) adalah golongan nematoda usus yang ditularkan melalui tanah yang umum terjadi di daerah sub-tropis dan tropis dan dianggap juga sebagai Neglected Tropical Disease (NTDs) atau penyakit tropis terabaikan. Prevalensi STH global di perkirakan 1,5 miliar orang terinfeksi setara dengan 24% dari populasi dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik meliputi usia, jenis kelamin dan sosio-ekonomi, proporsi keberadaan cacing, perilaku dan kebersihan kuku, status gizi dan tingkat prestasi pada anak usia sekolah serta menilai hubungan sosio-ekonomi dengan status gizi dan hubungan status gizi dengan tingkat prestasi dengan menggunakan uji Chi square dan regresi ordinal. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang dengan sampling acak klaster yang dilaksanakan di SDN 07 Cawang, Jakarta Timur. Sebanyak 93 subjek berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan feses dengan metode mikroskopis dan Harada Mori. Hasil menunjukkan 93 subjek (100%) negatif. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara sosio-ekonomi dengan status gizi dengan nilai P = 0,011 dan pengaruh yang signifikan dengan nilai P = 0,029, akan tetapi tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara sosio-ekonomi dengan tingkat prestasi dengan nilai P = 0,378 dan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dengan tingkat prestasi dengan nilai P = 0,105 dan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan dengan nilai P = 0,440. Perilaku dan kebersihan kuku memberikan hasil yang baik yaitu 53 subjek (57%) sudah memiliki kuku bersih dan tidak memiliki perilaku menggigit kuku. Kesimpulan proporsi infeksi STH di SDN 07 Cawang, Jakarta Timur telah mencapai target nasional dibawah 10%. Maka program pemerintah Pemberian Obat Pencegahan Massal (POPM) cacingan telah berhasil memberikan proteksi yang efektif. / Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH) is a class of intestinal nematodes that are transmitted through soil which is common in sub-tropical and tropical areas and also considered as Neglected Tropical Disease (NTDs). The global prevalence of STH is estimated at 1.5 billion infected people, equivalent to 24% of the world population. This study aims to determine characteristics including age, gender and socio-economics, proportion of worms, behavior and nail cleanliness, nutritional status and level of achievement in school-aged children as well as assessing the relationship between socio-economics and nutritional status and the relationship between nutritional status and level of achievement using the Chisquare test and ordinal regression. The type of research is descriptive analytical with a cross-sectional design with cluster random sampling carried out at SDN 07 Cawang, East Jakarta. A total of 93 subjects participated in the study. Diagnosis of STH infection is carried out by examining feces using the microscopic method and Harada Mori. The results showed 93 subjects (100%) were negative. There is a significant relationship between socio-economic and nutritional status with a value of P = 0.011 and a significant influence with P value = 0.029, however there is no significant relationship between socio-economic and level of achievement with P value = 0.378 and there is no significant relationship between nutritional status and achievement level with P value = 0.105 and an insignificant effect with P value = 0.440. Nail behavior and cleanliness gave good results, namely 53 subjects (57%) had clean nails and did not have nail biting behavior. Conclusion: The proportion of STH infections at SDN 07 Cawang, East Jakarta has reached the national target of below 10%. So the government program for Providing Mass Preventive Medication (POPM) for worms has succeeded in providing effective protection.

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