Prevalensi Riwayat Atopik dan Kulit Kering Pada Anak Stunting dan Tidak Stunting di Kecamatan Johar, Cempaka Putih, Kemayoran, dan Senen, Jakarta Pusat

Nareswari, Geraldine Jovita (2024) Prevalensi Riwayat Atopik dan Kulit Kering Pada Anak Stunting dan Tidak Stunting di Kecamatan Johar, Cempaka Putih, Kemayoran, dan Senen, Jakarta Pusat. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Stunting adalah pendek atau sangat pendek berdasarkan panjang / tinggi badan menurut usia yang kurang dari -2 standar deviasi (SD) pada kurva pertumbuhan WHO yang terjadi karena kondisi irreversibel akibat asupan nutrisi yang tidak adekuat dan/atau infeksi berulang / kronis yang terjadi dalam 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Berdasarkan data dari Kementrian Kesehatan RI tahun 2022 prevalensi stunting di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 21.6%. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran prevalensi riwayat atopik dan kulit kering pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting di Kecamatan Johar, Cempaka Putih, Kemayoran, dan Senen, Jakarta Pusat. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian prospektif yang menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif cross sectional. Hasil: Penelitian dilakukan pada lokasi RPTRA di empat kecamatan di Jakarta Pusat. Subyek penelitian (SP) didapatkan sebanyak 201 anak dengan rentang usia 0 – 60 bulan; laki – laki 94 orang (46,8%) dan perempuan 107 orang (53,2%): stunting sebanyak 70 orang (34,8%), tidak stunting 131orang (65,2%). Riwayat atopik (bersin bila terpapar debu, asma, eksim kulit dengan gambaran khas) pada SP ditemukan sebanyak 139 orang (69,2%), kulit kering 64 (31,8%) orang, stunting dengan riwayat atopik 54 (26,9%), dan stunting dengan kulit kering 21 (19,4%) orang. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara riwayat atopik pada stunting dan tidak stunting, sedangkan ada perbedaan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kulit kering pada stunting dan tidak stunting. Simpulan: Pada Kecamatan Johar, Cempaka Putih, Kemayoran, dan Senen, Jakarta Pusat terdapat anak stunting dan tidak stunting yang memiliki riwayat atopik dan mengalami kulit kering. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara riwayat atopik dengan stunting sedangkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kulit kering dengan stunting. / Background: Stunting is short or very short based on length/height for age which is less than -2 standard deviation (SD) on the WHO growth curve which occurs due to irreversible conditions resulting from inadequate nutritional intake and/or recurrent/chronic infections that occur in the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2022, the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still quite high, namely 21.6%. Objective: To determine the prevalence of atopic history and dry skin in stunted and non-stunting children in Johar, Cempaka Putih, Kemayoran and Senen Districts, Central Jakarta. Method: This research is a prospective study using descriptive cross sectional research methods. Results: Research was conducted at RPTRA locations in four sub-districts in Central Jakarta. The research subjects (SP) were 201 children with an age range of 0 – 60 months; 94 men (46.8%) and 107 women (53.2%): 70 people (34.8%) were stunted, 131 people (65.2%) were not stunted. Atopic history (sneezing when exposed to dust, asthma, skin eczema with typical features) in SP was found in 139 people (69.2%), dry skin in 64 (31.8%) people, stunting with atopic history in 54 (26.9%) ), and stunting with dry skin 21 (19.4%) people. There was no significant difference between atopic history in stunting and non-stunting, whereas there was a significant difference between dry skin in stunting and non-stunting. Conclusion: In Johar, Cempaka Putih, Kemayoran, and Senen Districts, Central Jakarta, there are stunted and non-stunting children who have a history of atopy and dry skin. There was no significant difference between atopic history and stunting, while there was a significant difference between dry skin and stunting.

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