Rekonstruksi Regulasi Organisasi Kemasyarakatan Guna Menjamin Hak Kebebasan Berorganisasi (Studi Regulasi Hak Kebebasan Berorganisasi di Indonesia)

Silaban, Panti (2023) Rekonstruksi Regulasi Organisasi Kemasyarakatan Guna Menjamin Hak Kebebasan Berorganisasi (Studi Regulasi Hak Kebebasan Berorganisasi di Indonesia). S3 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Regulasi dalam melindungi hak kebebasan masyarakat untuk berorganisasi didasarkan pada Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatan, namun keberadaan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 mencederai rasa keadilan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Asumsi bahwa tidak adanya konsistensi antara implementasi regulasi kebebasan berorganisasi dengan jaminan hak kebebasan berorganisasi di dalam masyarakat menjadi alasan peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini mengangkat tiga permasalahan, yaitu: Pertama, apakah fungsi regulasi organisasi kemasyarakatan belum maksimal dalam melindungi hak kebebasan masyarakat untuk berorganisasi?; Kedua, mengapa implementasi regulasi organisasi kemasyarakatan belum bisa menjamin dan melindungi hak masyarakat untuk berorganisasi?; Ketiga, bagaimana konsep regulasi organisasi masyarakat yang dapat menjamin hak kebebasan berorganisasi masyarakat dimasa depan? Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode yuridis normatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach), pendekatan sejarah (historical approach). Fungsi pengaturan Ormas untuk melindungi, menghormati dan menghargai hak-hak individu yang lain, hak-hak bagi ormas-ormas lain pula agar tidak saling menyerang dan adu kekerasan, selain itu seperti apa yang telah dipaparkan juga untuk melindungi ormas dari kesewenang-wenangan pemerintah. Karena peraturan-peraturan Ormas saat ini masih belum baik dan ideal sehingga dapat memberikan jaminan perlindungan bagi ormas, maka perlulah untuk dibuat peraturan yang terbaru yang lebih ideal. Penerapan regulasi terkait Organisasi Kemasyarakatan belum bisa menjamin dan melindungi hak masyarakat untuk berorganisasi, karena tercatat telah sebanyak 3 (tiga) permohonan uji materil terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatan terkait frasa atau paham lain dalam UU Organisasi Kemasyarakatan dan penghapusan kewenangan pengadilan untuk membubarkan organisasi kemasyarakatan (merupakan suatu kemunduran karena hilangnya asas due process of law yang merupakan ciri negara hukum. Konsep regulasi organisasi masyarakat (ormas) di masa mendatang harus bisa menjamin hak kebebasan berorganisasi di masyarakat dengan tetap memberikan kewenangan untuk membubarkan organisasi masyarakat pada pengadilan (tetap menganut due process of law) dengan mempersingkat waktu dan proses dalam beracara. Kata kunci: Organisasi Kemasyarakatan; kebebasan berorganisasi; demokrasi Pancasila. / Regulations protecting the right to freedom of the people to organize are based on Law Number 16 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations, however, the existence of Law Number 16 of 2017 offends the sense of justice for the people of Indonesia. The assumption that there is no consistency between the implementation of regulations on freedom of association and the guarantee of the right to freedom of association in society is the reason for researchers to conduct this research. It research raises three issues, namely: First, is the regulatory function of social organizations not maximized in protecting the right to freedom of society to organize?; Second, why has the implementation of social organization regulations not been able to guarantee and protect people's right to organize?; Third, how the concept of regulation of community organizations can guarantee the right to freedom of community organizations in the future. The method used in this research is a normative juridical method. This study uses a statutory approach (statute approach), case approach, conceptual approach, and historical approach. The regulatory function of CSOs is to protect, respect and appreciate the rights of other individuals, the rights of other mass organizations as well so that they do not attack each other and fight each other with violence, besides that, as has been described, it is also to protect mass organizations from the arbitrariness of the government. Because the current Ormas regulations are still not good and ideal so that they can guarantee protection for the Ormas, it is necessary to make new regulations that are more ideal. The implementation of regulations related to Community Organizations has not been able to guarantee and protect the public's right to organize, because there have been recorded as many as 3 (three) requests for judicial review of Law Number 16 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations related to other phrases or understandings in the Social Organization Law and the abolition of court authority to dissolve social organizations (which is a setback due to the loss of the principle of due process of law which is the hallmark of a rule of law. The concept of regulation for community organizations (ormas) in the future must be able to guarantee the right to freedom of association in society while still granting the authority to dissolve community organizations in court ( still adhering to due process of law) by shortening the time and process in proceedings. Keywords: Community Organization; freedom of association; Pancasila democracy.

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