Rekontruksi Politik Hukum Pidana tentang Legal Audit Terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam BUMN di Indonesia Melalui Hukum Progresif Sebagai Ius Constituendum

Putra, Irwan Sapta (2023) Rekontruksi Politik Hukum Pidana tentang Legal Audit Terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam BUMN di Indonesia Melalui Hukum Progresif Sebagai Ius Constituendum. S3 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Selama ini pemeriksaan terkait dengan kinerja perusahaan BUMN hanya dilihat dari Laporan Keuangan saja, apabila laporan keuangan korporasi BUMN itu baik maka dianggap bahwa perusahaan BUMN tersebut telah menjalankan usahanya dengan baik, setelah hasil laporan keuangan tersebut di audit oleh Akuntan Publik. Akan tetapi dengan adanya tindak pidana korupsi yang ada pada perusahaan BUMN seperti PT.Asabri yang merugikan keuangan Negara sebesar Rp22 Terliun, dan PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya yang merugikan keuangan negara sebesar Rp16 Terliun serta yang terbaru adalah PT.Wika yang merugikan keuangan negara sebesar Rp2,5 Terliun. Maka hal tersebut tentunya menjadi pertanyaan kita semua, mengapa hal tersebut bisa terjadi? Berdasarkan hasil audit BPK RI yang telah melakukan audit investigasi terhadap PT.Asabri ternyata ditemukan akibat timbulnya kerugian negara dikarenakan adanya pelanggaran hukum yang dilakukan oleh jajaran Direksi PT,Asabri dalam mengelola keuangan PT.Asabri dalam berinfestasi di Bursah Saham. Teori yang digunakan Teori Kepastian Hukum Menurut Gustav Radbruch. Teori Sistem Hukum Menurut Lawrence M. Friedman dan Teori Hukum Progresif Menurut Satjipto Rahardjo. Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif doktrinal dengan kajian neo-postivisme dengan pendekatan evaluatif, Sumber data primer, sekunder dan Tersier. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara kualitatif kemudian data yang diperoleh disusun secara deskriptif. Pendekatan historis dan pendekatan kasus serta pendekatan perbandingan. Sifat Penelitian, Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, Hasil Penelitian diperoleh (1) Peran Legal Aduit dalam Pemenuhan unsur-unsur Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada Korporasi BUMN berupa hasil audit hukum dapat menjadi alat bukti Keterangan Ahli dan Surat. (2) Pemeriksaan dan penilaian terhadap kepatuhan hukum pada korporasi BUMN dapat dilakukan oleh Kantor Auditor Hukum Independen yang memiliki lisensi sertifikat legal audit (C.L.A) yang dikeluarkan oleh BNSP (Badan Nasional Sertifikat Profesi). (3) Penggunaan Hukum Progresif tentang Legal Audit terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam BUMN di Indonesia merupakan bentuk dari Penggunaan Hukum Progresif yang digagas oleh Satjipto Rahardjo yang mengatakan bahwa hukum adalah untuk manusia bukan manusia untuk hukum, sehingga dalam penliitian ini peneliti menggagas suatu teori hukum yang dinamakan Teori Check and Balance yaitu memeriksa dan menyeimbangkan antaraturan hukum yang ada/berlaku terhadap penerapannya sehingga dapat ditemukan apaka ada atau tidak penyimpangan yang terjadi. Saran (1). Pemerintah dan DPR RI untuk segera membuat Undang-Undang tentang Profesi Legal Audit (2). Bagi Kementerian BUMN Hendaknya BUMN saat ini menggunakan jasa Auditor Hukum dalam melakukan penilaian kepatuhan secara hukum terhadap perusahaan BUMN untuk mencegah terjadinya kerugian keuangan negara yang berujung pada Tindak Pidada Korupsi di BUMN. (3). Bagi Direktur Perusahaan BUMN dan APH (Aparat Penegak Hukum) hasil laporan legal audit dapat menjadi alat bukti Keterangan Ahli dan Surat. (4). Untuk mengatasi tindak pidana korupsi dapat diterapkan Teori legal audit Check and Balance yaitu memeriksa dan menyeimbangkan antar aturan hukum yang ada/berlaku terhadap penerapannya sehingga dapat ditemukan apaka ada atau tidak penyimpangan yang terjadi sehingga dapat mencega terjadinya tindak pidana korupsi di BUMN. Kata Kunci : Rekontruksi, Politik Hukum, Legal Audit, Korupsi, BUMN. / So far, audits related to the performance of state-owned companies have only been seen from financial reports. If the state-owned company's financial report is good, then the state-owned company is deemed to have run its business well, after the results of the financial report have been audited by a public accountant. However, there are criminal acts of corruption in these state-owned companies. So this is of course a question for all of us, why did this happen? Based on the results of the BPK RI examination which conducted an investigative audit of PT Asabri, it was found that state losses occurred as a result of legal violations committed by the Directors of PT Asabri in managing PT Asabri's finances in investing. on the Stock Exchange. The theory used is the Grand Theory of Legal Certainty Theory according to Gustav Radbruch. Middle Theory Legal System Theory According to Lawrence M. Applied Theory Progressive Legal Theory According to Satjipto Rahardjo. This research method is a doctrinal normative legal research with neo-postivism studies with an evaluative approach, primary, secondary and tertiary data sources. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative way then the data obtained was arranged descriptively. Historical approach (historical approach), and the case approach (case approach), as well as a comparative approach (comparative approach). Nature of Research, This research is descriptive, The research results obtained are (1) The role of Legal Aduit in Fulfilling the elements of Corruption Crimes in BUMN Corporations in the form of legal audit results which can be used as evidence for Expert Statements and Letters. (2) Examination and assessment of legal compliance in BUMN corporations can be carried out by the Independent Legal Auditor Office which has a legal audit certificate (C.L.A) license issued by BNSP (National Professional Certificate Agency). (3) The use of Progressive Law regarding Legal Audit for Corruption Crimes in BUMN in Indonesia is a form of the Use of Progressive Law which was initiated by Satjipto Rahardjo who said that law is for humans, not humans for the law. So in this research the researcher initiated a legal theory called the Check and Balance Theory, namely checking and balancing existing/applicable legal rules with respect to their application so that it can be discovered whether or not any irregularities have occurred. Suggestion (1). The Government and DPR RI to immediately enact a Law on the Legal Audit Profession (2). For the Ministry of BUMN, BUMN should currently use the services of Legal Auditors to carry out legal compliance assessments of BUMN companies to prevent state financial losses that lead to Corruption Crimes in BUMN. (3). For Directors of BUMN Companies and APH (Law Enforcement Officials) the results of legal audit reports can be used as evidence of Expert Statements and Letters. (4). To overcome criminal acts of corruption, the legal audit theory of Check and Balance can be applied, namely checking and balancing existing/applicable legal regulations with respect to their implementation so that it can be discovered whether or not there are irregularities occurring so as to prevent criminal acts of corruption in BUMN. Keywords : Reconstruction, Political Law, Lega Audit, Corruption, BUMN

Item Type: Thesis (S3)
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorPanggabean, Mompang LNIDN0304026301mompanggabean@yahoo.com
Thesis advisorSiahaan, MaruararNIDN9903251632UNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisorWidiarty, Wiwik SriNIDN8931720021wiwik.widiarty@gmail.com
Subjects: LAW > Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence
LAW > Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence > Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law > The concept of law
Divisions: PROGRAM PASCASARJANA > Doktor Hukum
Depositing User: Users 3662 not found.
Date Deposited: 24 Oct 2023 10:39
Last Modified: 24 Oct 2023 10:39
URI: http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/12557

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