Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Darurat untuk Mencegah Kehamilan

Sihaloho, Resilia (2023) Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Darurat untuk Mencegah Kehamilan. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas berbagai metode kontrasepsi darurat untuk mencegah kehamilan. Tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis untuk mengetahui efektivitas berbagai metode kontrasepsi darurat untuk mencegah kehamilan. Penelitian ini mengikuti protokol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). 6 jurnal memenuhi kriteria. Hasil meta analisis proporsi menunjukkan proporsi kehamilan setelah penggunaan kontrasepsi darurat yaitu 0,231% (95%CI 0,116 – 0,384) dari 4927 pada 6 studi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase kehamilan setelah penggunaan kontrasepsi darurat cukup rendah. Hasil uji heterogenitas antar studi ditemukan tidak bermakna (I2=0%). Alat kontrasepsi yang paling efektif berdasarkan hasil penilaian literatur review yaitu AKDR Tembaga (CuIUD) dengan efektivitas mencapai 100% dalam mencegah kehamilan. Levonorgestrel (LNG) 52-mg IUS memiliki persentase kehamilan 0,05% dengan efektivitas 99,95%. Levonorgestrel (LNG) 52-mg IUD memiliki persentase kehamilan 0,3% dengan efektivitas mencapai 99,7%. Mifepristone 10 mg memiliki persentase kehamilan 0,7% dengan efektivitas mencapai 99,3%. Mifepristone 5 mg memiliki persentase kehamilan 1,2% dengan efektivitas mencapai 98,8%. Ulipristal Asetat (UPA) 30 mg pada wanita pre-ovulasi memiliki persentase kehamilan 1,4% dengan efektivitas mencapai 98,6%. Levonorgestrel (LNG) 0,75 mg memiliki persentase kehamilan 1,7% dengan efektivitas mencapai 98,3%. Yuzpe Regimen berupa ethinyl estradiol 100 μg plus 0,5 mg. Levonorgestrel memiliki persentase kehamilan 1,8% dengan efektivitas mencapai 98,2%. Dan Ulipristal Asetat (UPA) 30 mg pada wanita post-ovulasi memiliki persentase kehamilan 2,1% dengan efektivitas mencapai 97,9%. Metode kontrasepsi darurat yang paling efektif adalah AKDR tembaga (100%), levonogestrel 52-mg IUS (99,95%), mifepristone 10 mg (99,3%), Ulipristal Acetat pada wanita pre-ovulasi (98,6%), dan Yuzpe Rejimen (98,2%). Kata Kunci: Efektifitas, Kontrasepsi Darurat. / This study aims to determine the effectiveness of various emergency contraceptive methods to prevent pregnancy. A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of various emergency contraceptive methods to prevent pregnancy. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol. 6 journals met the criteria. The results of the proportion meta-analysis showed the proportion of pregnancies after emergency contraceptive use was 0,231% (95%CI 0,116 – 0,384) from 4927 samples in 6 studies. This suggests that the percentage of pregnancies after emergency contraceptive use is quite low. The results of the heterogeneity test between studies were found to be not meaningful (I2=68.98%). The most effective contraceptive based on the results of the literature review assessment is the Copper IUD (CuIUD) with effectiveness reaching 100% in preventing pregnancy. Levonorgestrel (LNG) 52-mg IUS has a pregnancy percentage of 0.15% with an effectiveness of 99.85%. The Levonorgestrel (LNG) 52-mg IUD has a pregnancy percentage of 0.3% with an effectiveness of 99.7%. Mifepristone 10 mg has a pregnancy percentage of 0.7% with effectiveness reaching 99.3%. Mifepristone 5 mg has a pregnancy percentage of 1.2% with effectiveness reaching 98.8%. Ulipristal Acetate (UPA) 30 mg in pre-ovulating women has a pregnancy percentage of 1.4% with effectiveness reaching 98.6%. Levonorgestrel (LNG) 0.75 mg has a pregnancy percentage of 1.7% with effectiveness reaching 98.3%. Yuzpe Regimen in the form of ethinyl estradiol 100 μg plus 0.5 mg. Levonorgestrel has a pregnancy percentage of 1.8% with an effectiveness of 98.2%. And Ulipristal Acetate (UPA) 30 mg in post-ovulating women has a pregnancy percentage of 2.1% with effectiveness reaching 97,9%. The most effective emergency contraceptive method was the copper IUD (100%), levonogestrel 52-mg IUS (99,95%), followed by mifepristone 10 mg (99,3%), Ulipristal Acetate (UPA) 30 mg in pre-ovulating women (98,6%) and Yuzpe Rejimen (98,2%). Keywords: Effectiveness, Emergency Contraception

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